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Sparse autoencoders have become a standard tool for uncovering interpretable latent representations in neural networks. Yet salient concepts often span manifolds that current linear methods cannot capture without post hoc analysis. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Thomas Dooms , Ward Gauderis , Geraint Wiggins , Jose Oramas

The layered structure of deep neural networks hinders the use of numerous analysis tools and thus the development of its interpretability. Inspired by the success of functional brain networks, we propose a novel framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Ben Zhang , Zhetong Dong , Junsong Zhang , Hongwei Lin

In conventional formulations of multilayer feedforward neural networks, the individual layers are customarily defined by explicit functions. In this paper we demonstrate that defining individual layers in a neural network \emph{implicitly}…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Qianggong Zhang , Yanyang Gu , Michalkiewicz Mateusz , Mahsa Baktashmotlagh , Anders Eriksson

In this work, we investigate the structure and representation capacity of sinusoidal MLPs - multilayer perceptron networks that use sine as the activation function. These neural networks (known as neural fields) have become fundamental in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Tiago Novello

Neural networks have greatly boosted performance in computer vision by learning powerful representations of input data. The drawback of end-to-end training for maximal overall performance are black-box models whose hidden representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Patrick Esser , Robin Rombach , Björn Ommer

This paper introduces a topological framework for interpreting the internal representations of Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs). We construct a simplicial tower, a sequence of simplicial complexes connected by simplicial maps, that captures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Eduardo Paluzo-Hidalgo

Implicit neural representations (INRs) have arisen as useful methods for representing signals on Euclidean domains. By parameterizing an image as a multilayer perceptron (MLP) on Euclidean space, INRs effectively represent signals in a way…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-03 T. Mitchell Roddenberry , Vishwanath Saragadam , Maarten V. de Hoop , Richard G. Baraniuk

The remarkable performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is entangled with their huge number of uninterpretable parameters, which has become the bottleneck limiting the exploitation of their full potential. Towards network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Yuchao Li , Rongrong Ji , Shaohui Lin , Baochang Zhang , Chenqian Yan , Yongjian Wu , Feiyue Huang , Ling Shao

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) employ neural networks to represent continuous functions by mapping coordinates to the corresponding values of the target function, with applications e.g., inverse graphics. However, INRs face a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Mingze Ma , Qingtian Zhu , Yifan Zhan , Zhengwei Yin , Hongjun Wang , Yinqiang Zheng

Neural networks (NNs) achieve outstanding performance in many domains; however, their decision processes are often opaque and their inference can be computationally expensive in resource-constrained environments. We recently proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Chang Yue , Niraj K. Jha

Transformer networks have revolutionized NLP representation learning since they were introduced. Though a great effort has been made to explain the representation in transformers, it is widely recognized that our understanding is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Zeyu Yun , Yubei Chen , Bruno A Olshausen , Yann LeCun

Convolutional neural networks have been successfully applied to various NLP tasks. However, it is not obvious whether they model different linguistic patterns such as negation, intensification, and clause compositionality to help the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Mahnaz Koupaee , William Yang Wang

Machine learning-based methods have achieved successful applications in machinery fault diagnosis. However, the main limitation that exists for these methods is that they operate as a black box and are generally not interpretable. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Gang Chen , Yu Lu , Rong Su , Zhaodan Kong

Despite their great success in recent years, deep neural networks (DNN) are mainly black boxes where the results obtained by running through the network are difficult to understand and interpret. Compared to e.g. decision trees or bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Jan Niclas Reimann , Andreas Schwung

We show that MLP layers in transformer language models perform binary routing of continuous signals: the decision of whether a token needs nonlinear processing is well-captured by binary neuron activations, even though the signals being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Peter Balogh

Convolutional neural networks are witnessing wide adoption in computer vision systems with numerous applications across a range of visual recognition tasks. Much of this progress is fueled through advances in convolutional neural network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Felix Juefei-Xu , Vishnu Naresh Boddeti , Marios Savvides

Graph neural networks (GNNs), as the de-facto model class for representation learning on graphs, are built upon the multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) architecture with additional message passing layers to allow features to flow across nodes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Chenxiao Yang , Qitian Wu , Jiahua Wang , Junchi Yan

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable breakthroughs by leveraging multiple layers of data processing to extract hidden representations, albeit at the cost of large electronic computing power. To enhance energy efficiency and speed,…

Neural networks models for NLP are typically implemented without the explicit encoding of language rules and yet they are able to break one performance record after another. This has generated a lot of research interest in interpreting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Mariya Toneva , Leila Wehbe

We propose an efficient and interpretable neural network with a novel activation function called the weighted Lehmer transform. This new activation function enables adaptive feature selection and extends to the complex domain, capturing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Masoud Ataei , Xiaogang Wang