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Signal processing stands as a pillar of classical computation and modern information technology, applicable to both analog and digital signals. Recently, advancements in quantum information science have suggested that quantum signal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Yuan Liu , John M. Martyn , Jasmine Sinanan-Singh , Kevin C. Smith , Steven M. Girvin , Isaac L. Chuang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two remote parties to grow a shared key which they can use for unconditionally secure communication [1]. The applicable distance of a QKD protocol depends on the loss and the excess noise of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-08 Lars S. Madsen , Vladyslav C. Usenko , Mikael Lassen , Radim Filip , Ulrik L. Andersen

We propose a continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocol, in which detection is conducted by an untrusted third party. Our protocol can defend all detector side channels, which seriously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-13 Zhengyu Li , Yi-Chen Zhang , Feihu Xu , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

We draw an explicit connection between the statistical properties of an entangled two-mode continuous variable (CV) resource and the amount of entanglement that can be dynamically transferred to a pair of non-interacting two-level systems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Mauro Paternostro , Gerardo Adesso , Steve Campbell

Discrete-variable (DV) and continuous-variable (CV) schemes constitute the two major families of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. Unfortunately, since the setup elements required by these schemes are quite different, making a fair…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Mikolaj Lasota , Olena Kovalenko , Vladyslav C. Usenko

Tremendous progress in experimental quantum optics during the past decades enabled the advent of quantum technologies, one of which is quantum communication. Aimed at novel methods for more secure or efficient information transfer, quantum…

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum computing offers a promising framework for scalable quantum machine learning, leveraging optical systems with infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. While discrete-variable (DV) quantum neural networks have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Daniel Alejandro Lopez , Oscar Montiel , Oscar Castillo , Miguel Lopez-Montiel

Here, we demonstrate that a practical Continuous Variables Quantum Key Distribution (CVQKD) protocol relying on the Gaussian modulation of coherent states features secret key rates that cannot be achieved with standard qubit Discrete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-24 Paul Jouguet , David Elkouss , Sébastien Kunz-Jacques

Encoding quantum information in continuous variables (CV)---as the quadrature of electromagnetic fields---is a powerful approach to quantum information science and technology. CV entanglement---light beams in Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)…

Establishing scalable, secure quantum networks requires advancing beyond conventional point-to-point quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols toward point-to-multipoint QKD protocols. Here, we generalize a well-established…

In a comment, Xu, Curty, Qi, Qian, and Lo claimed that discrete-variable (DV) measurement device independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) would compete with its continuous-variable (CV) counterpart at metropolitan distances.…

The ability to distribute secret keys between two parties with information-theoretic security, that is, regardless of the capacities of a malevolent eavesdropper, is one of the most celebrated results in the field of quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Eleni Diamanti , Anthony Leverrier

We investigate how entanglement can be transferred between qubits and continuous variable (CV) systems. We find that one ebit borne in maximally entangled qubits can be fully transferred to two CV systems which are initially prepared in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jinhyoung Lee , M. Paternostro , M. S. Kim , S. Bose

Quantum key distribution provides secure keys with information-theoretic security ensured by the principle of quantum mechanics. The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution using coherent states offers the advantages of its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Yichen Zhang , Yiming Bian , Zhengyu Li , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Quantum teleportation allows for the transfer of arbitrary, in principle, unknown quantum states from a sender to a spatially distant receiver, who share an entangled state and can communicate classically. It is the essence of many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-21 Shuntaro Takeda , Takahiro Mizuta , Maria Fuwa , Peter van Loock , Akira Furusawa

Establishing secure data communication necessitates secure key exchange over a public channel. Quantum key distribution (QKD), which leverages the principles of quantum physics, can achieve this with information-theoretic security. The…

Quantum teleportation is a fundamental ingredient for quantum information science and technology. In particular, the ability to perform quantum teleportation between quantum systems of different natures and encoding types is crucial for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-28 Di Wang , Lei Xie , Jinfeng Liu , Yiling Song , Wei Xiong , Mingfeng Wang

Discrete-variable (DV) quantum key distribution (QKD) based on single-photon detectors and sources have been successfully deployed for long-range secure key distribution. On the other hand, continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-24 Sebastian P. Kish , Patrick J. Gleeson , Angus Walsh , Ping Koy Lam , Syed M. Assad

Quantum repeaters are used to overcome the exponential photon loss scaling that quantum states acquire as they are transmitted over long distances. While repeaters for discrete variable encodings of quantum information have existed for some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-08 Josephine Dias , Matthew S. Winnel , William J. Munro , Timothy C. Ralph , Kae Nemoto

Quantum computing is usually associated with discrete quantum states and physical quantities possessing discrete eigenvalue spectrum. However, quantum computing in general is any computation accomplished by the exploitation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-06 Samantha Buck , Robin Coleman , Hayk Sargsyan