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End-to-end Speech-to-text Translation (E2E-ST), which directly translates source language speech to target language text, is widely useful in practice, but traditional cascaded approaches (ASR+MT) often suffer from error propagation in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Junkun Chen , Mingbo Ma , Renjie Zheng , Liang Huang

The two most common paradigms for end-to-end speech recognition are connectionist temporal classification (CTC) and attention-based encoder-decoder (AED) models. It has been argued that the latter is better suited for learning an implicit…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-22 Lasse Borgholt , Jakob Drachmann Havtorn , Željko Agić , Anders Søgaard , Lars Maaløe , Christian Igel

The Transformer self-attention network has recently shown promising performance as an alternative to recurrent neural networks in end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. However, Transformer has a drawback in that the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-29 Emiru Tsunoo , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Toshiyuki Kumakura , Shinji Watanabe

End-to-end (E2E) models, which directly predict output character sequences given input speech, are good candidates for on-device speech recognition. E2E models, however, present numerous challenges: In order to be truly useful, such models…

End-to-end speech-to-text translation models are often initialized with pre-trained speech encoder and pre-trained text decoder. This leads to a significant training gap between pre-training and fine-tuning, largely due to the modality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Jinming Zhao , Hao Yang , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

In this paper, we present a novel two-pass approach to unify streaming and non-streaming end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition in a single model. Our model adopts the hybrid CTC/attention architecture, in which the conformer layers in the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Binbin Zhang , Di Wu , Zhuoyuan Yao , Xiong Wang , Fan Yu , Chao Yang , Liyong Guo , Yaguang Hu , Lei Xie , Xin Lei

Speech translation has traditionally been approached through cascaded models consisting of a speech recognizer trained on a corpus of transcribed speech, and a machine translation system trained on parallel texts. Several recent works have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Matthias Sperber , Graham Neubig , Jan Niehues , Alex Waibel

In this paper, we propose a novel architecture for multi-modal speech and text input. We combine pretrained speech and text encoders using multi-headed cross-modal attention and jointly fine-tune on the target problem. The resultant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Karan Singla , Daniel Pressel , Ryan Price , Bhargav Srinivas Chinnari , Yeon-Jun Kim , Srinivas Bangalore

Automatic pronunciation error detection (APED) plays an important role in the domain of language learning. As for the previous ASR-based APED methods, the decoded results need to be aligned with the target text so that the errors can be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-06 Zhan Zhang , Yuehai Wang , Jianyi Yang

Encoder pre-training is promising in end-to-end Speech Translation (ST), given the fact that speech-to-translation data is scarce. But ST encoders are not simple instances of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) or Machine Translation (MT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Chen Xu , Bojie Hu , Yanyang Li , Yuhao Zhang , shen huang , Qi Ju , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

We explore options to use Transformer networks in neural transducer for end-to-end speech recognition. Transformer networks use self-attention for sequence modeling and comes with advantages in parallel computation and capturing contexts.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-30 Ching-Feng Yeh , Jay Mahadeokar , Kaustubh Kalgaonkar , Yongqiang Wang , Duc Le , Mahaveer Jain , Kjell Schubert , Christian Fuegen , Michael L. Seltzer

Learning sentence embeddings often requires a large amount of labeled data. However, for most tasks and domains, labeled data is seldom available and creating it is expensive. In this work, we present a new state-of-the-art unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Kexin Wang , Nils Reimers , Iryna Gurevych

Although recent advances in deep learning technology have boosted automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance in the single-talker case, it remains difficult to recognize multi-talker speech in which many voices overlap. One conventional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Takafumi Moriya , Hiroshi Sato , Tsubasa Ochiai , Marc Delcroix , Takahiro Shinozaki

End-to-end neural diarization with encoder-decoder based attractors (EEND-EDA) is a method to perform diarization in a single neural network. EDA handles the diarization of a flexible number of speakers by using an LSTM-based…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Lahiru Samarakoon , Samuel J. Broughton , Marc Härkönen , Ivan Fung

Auditory Attention Decoding (AAD) can help to determine the identity of the attended speaker during an auditory selective attention task, by analyzing and processing measurements of electroencephalography (EEG) data. Most studies on AAD are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-16 Haolin Zhu , Yujie Yan , Xiran Xu , Zhongshu Ge , Pei Tian , Xihong Wu , Jing Chen

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (E2E-ASR) can be classified by its decoder architectures, such as connectionist temporal classification (CTC), recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T), attention-based encoder-decoder, and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-15 Yui Sudo , Muhammad Shakeel , Yosuke Fukumoto , Brian Yan , Jiatong Shi , Yifan Peng , Shinji Watanabe

Cascaded speech-to-speech translation systems often suffer from the error accumulation problem and high latency, which is a result of cascaded modules whose inference delays accumulate. In this paper, we propose a transducer-based speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-07 Jinzheng Zhao , Niko Moritz , Egor Lakomkin , Ruiming Xie , Zhiping Xiu , Katerina Zmolikova , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yashesh Gaur , Duc Le , Christian Fuegen

The conversion from text to speech relies on the accurate mapping from linguistic to acoustic symbol sequences, for which current practice employs recurrent statistical models like recurrent neural networks. Despite the good performance of…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Santiago Pascual , Antonio Bonafonte , Joan Serrà

This paper presents a streaming speaker-attributed automatic speech recognition (SA-ASR) model that can recognize ``who spoke what'' with low latency even when multiple people are speaking simultaneously. Our model is based on token-level…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-18 Naoyuki Kanda , Jian Wu , Yu Wu , Xiong Xiao , Zhong Meng , Xiaofei Wang , Yashesh Gaur , Zhuo Chen , Jinyu Li , Takuya Yoshioka

The growing need for instant spoken language transcription and translation is driven by increased global communication and cross-lingual interactions. This has made offering translations in multiple languages essential for user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Sara Papi , Peidong Wang , Junkun Chen , Jian Xue , Naoyuki Kanda , Jinyu Li , Yashesh Gaur