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Exploring the complex structure of the human brain is crucial for understanding its functionality and diagnosing brain disorders. Thanks to advancements in neuroimaging technology, a novel approach has emerged that involves modeling the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Xuexiong Luo , Jia Wu , Jian Yang , Shan Xue , Amin Beheshti , Quan Z. Sheng , David McAlpine , Paul Sowman , Alexis Giral , Philip S. Yu

As large language models (LLMs) continue to revolutionize AI research, there is a growing interest in building large-scale brain foundation models to advance neuroscience. While most existing brain foundation models are pre-trained on…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-11 Xinxu Wei , Kanhao Zhao , Yong Jiao , Lifang He , Yu Zhang

Semantic segmentation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) makes great sense for pathology diagnosis and decision system of medical robots. The multi-channel fMRI provides more information of the pathological features. But the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-12 Lei Tai , Haoyang Ye , Qiong Ye , Ming Liu

This paper presents a comprehensive and quality collection of functional human brain network data for potential research in the intersection of neuroscience, machine learning, and graph analytics. Anatomical and functional MRI images have…

Functional Magnetic Resonance Images acquired during resting-state provide information about the functional organization of the brain through measuring correlations between brain areas. Independent components analysis is the reference…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-15 Alexandre Abraham , Elvis Dohmatob , Bertrand Thirion , Dimitris Samaras , Gael Varoquaux

In recent years, deep learning models have been applied to neuroimaging data for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) images provide structural and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-01 Yanteng Zhanga , Xiaohai He , Yi Hao Chan , Qizhi Teng , Jagath C. Rajapakse

Brain foundation models (BFMs) have emerged as a transformative paradigm in computational neuroscience, offering a revolutionary framework for processing diverse neural signals across different brain-related tasks. These models leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xinliang Zhou , Chenyu Liu , Zhisheng Chen , Kun Wang , Yi Ding , Ziyu Jia , Qingsong Wen

Resting-state fMRI has become a valuable tool for classifying brain disorders and constructing brain functional connectivity networks by tracking BOLD signals across brain regions. However, existing mod els largely neglect the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yue Xun , Jiaxing Xu , Wenbo Gao , Chen Yang , Shujun Wang

Recent studies in neuroscience show great potential of functional brain networks constructed from fMRI data for popularity modeling and clinical predictions. However, existing functional brain networks are noisy and unaware of downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Xuan Kan , Hejie Cui , Ying Guo , Carl Yang

Accurate diagnosis of psychiatric disorders plays a critical role in improving the quality of life for patients and potentially supports the development of new treatments. Many studies have been conducted on machine learning techniques that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-15 Takashi Matsubara , Tetsuo Tashiro , Kuniaki Uehara

Brain-mapping techniques have proven to be vital in understanding the molecular, cellular, and functional mechanisms of the brain. Normal anatomical imaging can provide structural information on certain abnormalities in the brain. However…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-01-03 Nivedita Daimiwal , M. Sundhararajan , Revati Shriram

Brain decoding, aiming to identify the brain states using neural activity, is important for cognitive neuroscience and neural engineering. However, existing machine learning methods for fMRI-based brain decoding either suffer from low…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-13 Ziyuan Ye , Youzhi Qu , Zhichao Liang , Mo Wang , Quanying Liu

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is an imaging technique widely used to study human brain activity. fMRI signals in areas across the brain transiently synchronise and desynchronise their activity in a highly structured manner,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yiran Huang , Amirhossein Nouranizadeh , Christine Ahrends , Mengjia Xu

Time Varying Functional Connectivity (TVFC) investigates how the interactions among brain regions vary over the course of an fMRI experiment. The transitions between different individual connectivity states can be modulated by changes in…

Brain imaging of mental health, neurodevelopmental and learning disorders has coupled with machine learning to identify patients based only on their brain activation, and ultimately identify features that generalize from smaller samples of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-21 Laura Tomaz Da Silva , Nathalia Bianchini Esper , Duncan D. Ruiz , Felipe Meneguzzi , Augusto Buchweitz

Decoding brain states from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data is vital for advancing neuroscience and clinical applications. While traditional machine learning and deep learning approaches have made strides in leveraging the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Danial Jafarzadeh Jazi , Maryam Hajiesmaeili

Localizing neuronal activity in the brain, both in time and in space, is a central challenge to advance the understanding of brain function. Because of the inability of any single neuroimaging techniques to cover all aspects at once, there…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2013-07-09 Yaroslav O. Halchenko , Michael Hanke , James V. Haxby , Stephen Jose Hanson , Christoph S. Herrmann

Predicting disease states from functional brain connectivity is critical for the early diagnosis of severe neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. Existing studies commonly employ Graph Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 David Yang , Mostafa Abdelmegeed , John Modl , Minjeong Kim

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is one of the most popular methods for studying the human brain. Task-related fMRI data processing aims to determine which brain areas are activated when a specific task is performed and is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Paris A. Karakasis , Athanasios P. Liavas , Nicholas D. Sidiropoulos , Panagiotis G. Simos , Efrosini Papadaki

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a principal diagnostic approach used in the field of radiology to create images of the anatomical and physiological structure of patients. MRI is the prevalent medical imaging practice to find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Yusuf Brima , Mossadek Hossain Kamal Tushar , Upama Kabir , Tariqul Islam