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We investigate the dynamics of \textbf{\textit{Lumbriculus variegatus}} in water-saturated sediment beds to understand limbless locomotion in the benthic zone found at the bottom of lakes and oceans. These slender aquatic worms are observed…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-11-30 Arshad Kudrolli , Bernny Ramirez

We explore the locomotion of soft robots in granular medium (GM) resulting from the elastic deformation of slender rods. A low-cost, rapidly fabricable robot inspired by the physiological structure of bacteria is presented. It consists of a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Yayun Du , Andrew Miller , M. Khalid Jawed

Swimming micro-organisms such as flagellated bacteria and sperm cells have fascinating locomotion capabilities. Inspired by their natural motion, there is an ongoing effort to develop artificial robotic nano-swimmers for potential in-body…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-31 Jithu Paul , Yizhar Or , Oleg Gendelman

Fish-inspired aquatic robots are gaining increasing attention in marine robot communities due to their high swimming speeds and efficient propulsion enabled by flexible bodies that generate undulatory motions. To support the design…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zhiheng Chen , Wei Wang

While undulatory swimming of elongate limbless robots has been extensively studied in open hydrodynamic environments, less research has been focused on limbless locomotion in complex, cluttered aquatic environments. Motivated by the concept…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Tianyu Wang , Nishanth Mankame , Matthew Fernandez , Velin Kojouharov , Daniel I. Goldman

Inspired by the snap-through action of a steel hairclip, we propose a design method for in-plane prestressed mechanisms that exhibit biomimetic morphing and high locomotion performance. Compliant bistable flapping mechanisms are fabricated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zechen Xiong , Liqi Chen , Wenxiong Hao , Yufeng Su , Hod Lipson

This paper introduces a simulation study of fluid actuated multi-driven closed system as spherical mobile robot called "RollRoller". Robot's mechanism design consists of two essential parts: tubes to lead a core and mechanical controlling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-10-21 Seyed Amir Tafrishi , Sandor M. Veres , Esmaeil Esmaeilzadeh , Mikhail Svinin

An asymmetric two-link robot supported atop a flat platform by wheels that roll and pivot freely, but do not slip laterally, will develop forward momentum if the joint between the links is actuated internally. In particular, oscillations in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Hamidreza Moradi , Scott David Kelly

Sinusoidal undulation has long been considered the most successful swimming pattern for fish and bionic aquatic robots [1]. However, a swimming pattern generated by the hair clip mechanism (HCM, part iii, Figure 1A) [2]~[5] may challenge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Zechen Xiong , Suyu Luohong , Jeong Hun Lee , Hod Lipson

In this paper we study the self-propulsion of a dumbbell micro-robot submerged in a viscous fluid. The micro-robot consists of two rigid spherical beads connected by a rod or a spring; the rod's/spring's length is changing periodically. The…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-12 Vladimir A. Vladimirov

Undulatory locomotion is ubiquitous in nature and observed in different media, from the swimming of flagellated microorganisms in biological fluids, to the slithering of snakes on land, or the locomotion of sandfish lizards in sand. Despite…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-01-03 Zhiwei Peng , On Shun Pak , Gwynn J. Elfring

Locomotion is typically studied either in continuous media where bodies and legs experience forces generated by the flowing medium, or on solid substrates dominated by friction. In the former, centralized coordination is believed to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Baxi Chong , Juntao He , Shengkai Li , Eva Erickson , Kelimar Diaz , Tianyu Wang , Daniel Soto , Daniel I. Goldman

Dissipative environments are ubiquitous in nature, from microscopic swimmers in low-Reynolds-number fluids to macroscopic animals in frictional media. In this study, motivated by various behaviours of {\it Caenorhabditis elegans} during…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-04-15 Kenta Ishimoto , Clément Moreau , Johann Herault

The development of versatile robots capable of traversing challenging and irregular environments is of increasing interest in the field of robotics, and metameric robots have been identified as a promising solution due to their slender,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Qinyan Zhou , Hongbin Fang , Zhihai Bi , Jian Xu

Legged locomotion on flowing ground ({\em e.g.} granular media) is unlike locomotion on hard ground because feet experience both solid- and fluid-like forces during surface penetration. Recent bio-inspired legged robots display speed…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-05-20 Chen Li , Paul B. Umbanhowar , Haldun Komsuoglu , Daniel E. Koditschek , Daniel I. Goldman

Soft robots, in contrast to their rigid counter parts, have infinite degrees of freedom that are coupled with their interaction with the environment. We consider the locomotion of an untethered robot, in the granular medium, comprised of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Yayun Du , Jacqueline Lam , Karunesh Sachanandani , Mohammad Khalid Jawed

The performance of underwater crawling and adjustment of the body posture for underwater manipulating of the deep-sea crawling and swimming robot (DCSR) is directly influenced by the dynamic performance of the underwater mechanical legs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-29 Lihui Liao , Baoren Li , Dijia Zhang , Luping Gao , Mboulé Ngwa , Jingmin Du

We study the dynamics of extended rod-like bodies in (or associated with) membranes and films. We demonstrate a striking difference between the mobilities in films and bulk fluids, even when the dissipation is dominated by the fluid stress:…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Alex J. Levine , T. B. Liverpool , F. C. MacKintosh

Worm-inspired robots provide an effective locomotion strategy for constrained environments by combining cyclic body deformation with alternating anchoring. For compliant robots, however, the interaction between deformable anchoring…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xinyu Zhou , Yu Mei , Faith Thomson , Christian Luedtke , Xinda Qi , Xiaobo Tan

Over the past few decades, biomimetic robotic experiments have significantly advanced our understanding of undulatory swimming. Compared to animal experiments, robotic experiments offer repeatability and controlled parameter variations, but…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-06 Alexandros Anastasiadis , Auke J. Ijspeert , Karen Mulleners
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