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Outlier detection for high-dimensional (HD) data is a popular topic in modern statistical research. However, one source of HD data that has received relatively little attention is functional magnetic resonance images (fMRI), which consists…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-25 Amanda F. Mejia , Mary Beth Nebel , Ani Eloyan , Brian Caffo , Martin A. Lindquist

Analyzing multi-featured time series data is critical for space missions making efficient event detection, potentially onboard, essential for automatic analysis. However, limited onboard computational resources and data downlink constraints…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jonah Ekelund , Savvas Raptis , Vicki Toy-Edens , Wenli Mo , Drew L. Turner , Ian J. Cohen , Stefano Markidis

An improved mixture of probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) has been introduced for nonlinear data-driven process monitoring in this paper. To realize this purpose, the technique of a mixture of probabilistic principal…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-15 Jingxin Zhang , Hao Chen , Songhang Chen , Xia Hong

Over the past years Robust PCA has been established as a standard tool for reliable low-rank approximation of matrices in the presence of outliers. Recently, the Robust PCA approach via nuclear norm minimization has been extended to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-15 Clemens Hage , Martin Kleinsteuber

Principal components analysis (PCA) is a well-known technique for approximating a tabular data set by a low rank matrix. Here, we extend the idea of PCA to handle arbitrary data sets consisting of numerical, Boolean, categorical, ordinal,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-06 Madeleine Udell , Corinne Horn , Reza Zadeh , Stephen Boyd

Neural networks-based learning of the distribution of non-dispatchable renewable electricity generation from sources such as photovoltaics (PV) and wind as well as load demands has recently gained attention. Normalizing flow density models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Eike Cramer , Alexander Mitsos , Raul Tempone , Manuel Dahmen

Robust PCA methods are typically batch algorithms which requires loading all observations into memory before processing. This makes them inefficient to process big data. In this paper, we develop an efficient online robust principal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Wei Xiao , Xiaolin Huang , Jorge Silva , Saba Emrani , Arin Chaudhuri

In many real-world applications, data come with corruptions, large errors or outliers. One popular approach is to use L1-norm function. However, the robustness of L1-norm function is not well understood so far. In this paper, we present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-30 Chris Ding , Bo Jiang

Oja's algorithm for Streaming Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for $n$ data-points in a $d$ dimensional space achieves the same sin-squared error $O(r_{\mathsf{eff}}/n)$ as the offline algorithm in $O(d)$ space and $O(nd)$ time and a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Syamantak Kumar , Purnamrita Sarkar

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used technique for data analysis and dimension reduction with numerous applications in science and engineering. However, the standard PCA suffers from the fact that the principal components…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-07-14 Zhaosong Lu , Yong Zhang

The first order behavior of multivariate heavy-tailed random vectors above large radial thresholds is ruled by a limit measure in a regular variation framework. For a high dimensional vector, a reasonable assumption is that the support of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-27 Holger Drees , Anne Sabourin

As a widely used method in machine learning, principal component analysis (PCA) shows excellent properties for dimensionality reduction. It is a serious problem that PCA is sensitive to outliers, which has been improved by numerous Robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Shenglan Liu , Yang Yu

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a dimensionality reduction method in data analysis that involves diagonalizing the covariance matrix of the dataset. Recently, quantum algorithms have been formulated for PCA based on diagonalizing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Max Hunter Gordon , M. Cerezo , Lukasz Cincio , Patrick J. Coles

We present an algorithm for L1-norm kernel PCA and provide a convergence analysis for it. While an optimal solution of L2-norm kernel PCA can be obtained through matrix decomposition, finding that of L1-norm kernel PCA is not trivial due to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-12 Cheolmin Kim , Diego Klabjan

Principal component analysis (PCA) is arguably the most widely used approach for large-dimensional factor analysis. While it is effective when the factors are sufficiently strong, it can be inconsistent when the factors are weak and/or the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-22 Zhongyuan Lyu , Ming Yuan

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction method, but its performance is known to be non-robust to outliers. Recently, product-PCA (PPCA) has been shown to possess the efficiency-loss free ordering-robustness…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Hung Hung , Chi-Chun Yeh , Su-Yun Huang

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular method for dimension reduction and has attracted an unfailing interest for decades. More recently, kernel PCA (KPCA) has emerged as an extension of PCA but, despite its use in practice, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Maxime Haddouche , Benjamin Guedj , John Shawe-Taylor

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a dimensionality reduction technique wherein one seeks a low-rank representation of a data matrix with additional sparsity constraints on the obtained representation. We consider two…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-06 Yash Deshpande , Andrea Montanari

Multilinear Principal Component Analysis (MPCA) is an important tool for analyzing tensor data. It performs dimension reduction similar to PCA for multivariate data. However, standard MPCA is sensitive to outliers. It is highly influenced…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-18 Mehdi Hirari , Fabio Centofanti , Mia Hubert , Stefan Van Aelst

In this brief note, we formulate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) over datasets consisting not of points but of distributions, characterized by their location and covariance. Just like the usual PCA on points can be equivalently derived…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-26 Vlad Niculae