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The observation of primordial B-modes in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) represents the main scientific goal of most of the future CMB experiments. This signal is predicted to be much lower than polarised Galactic emission…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-26 Alessandro Carones , Marina Migliaccio , Domenico Marinucci , Nicola Vittorio

The cosmic microwave background polarization is rich of cosmological information complementary to those from temperature anisotropies. Linear polarization can be decomposed uniquely in two components of opposite parities, called E and B.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Rosset , the PLANCK-HFI Collaboration

Cosmic microwave background polarization encodes information not only on the early universe but also dark energy, neutrino mass, and gravity in the late universe through CMB lensing. Ground based surveys such as ACTpol, PolarBear, SPTpol…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-02 Sudeep Das , Eric V. Linder

The detection of primordial $B$-mode polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a major observational goal in modern Cosmology, offering a potential window into inflationary physics through the measurement of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-22 Claudio Ranucci , Alessandro Carones , Léo Vacher , Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff , Carlo Baccigalupi

The detection of primordial polarization $B$ modes of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) requires exquisite control of Galactic foreground contamination. The Needlet Internal Linear Combination (NILC) method has proven effective in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-25 Alessandro Carones

The Simons Observatory (SO), a next-generation ground-based CMB experiment in its final stages of construction, will target primordial $B$-modes with unprecedented sensitivity to set tight bounds on the amplitude of inflationary…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-24 Emilie Hertig , Kevin Wolz , Toshiya Namikawa , Antón Baleato Lizancos , Susanna Azzoni , Anthony Challinor

The polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) provides a plethora of information about the early universe. Most notably, gravitational waves from the Inflationary epoch (the leading explanation of the origin of the universe)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-02 Jonathan Kaufman , Brian Keating , David Leon

Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation have made significant contributions to our understanding of cosmology. While temperature observations of the CMB have greatly advanced our knowledge, the next frontier lies in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-05 Sarvesh Kumar Yadav

We develop a systematic and unified approach to estimate all possible secondary (i.e. non-primordial) nonlinear effects to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization, named curve-of-sight integration approach. In this approach, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Toshiya Namikawa , Atsushi Naruko , Ryo Saito , Atsushi Taruya , Daisuke Yamauchi

To efficiently probe primordial non-Gaussianity using Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data, we require theoretical predictions that are factorizable, \textit{i.e.}\ those whose kinematic dependence can be separated. This property does not…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-25 Oliver H. E. Philcox , Kunhao Zhong , Salvatore Samuele Sirletti

The most convincing confirmation that the B-mode polarization signal detected at degree scales by BICEP2 is due to the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) would be the measurement of its large-scale counterpart. We assess the requirements for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 A. Bonaldi , S. Ricciardi , M. L. Brown

The tightest constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ can only be obtained after removing a substantial fraction of the lensing $B$-mode sample variance. The planned CMB-S4 experiment will remove the lensing $B$-mode signal internally…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-03 Sebastian Belkner , Julien Carron , Louis Legrand , Caterina Umiltà , Clem Pryke , Colin Bischoff

We present a formalism for performance forecasting and optimization of future cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. We implement it in the context of nearly full sky, multifrequency, B-mode polarization observations, incorporating…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Josquin Errard , Federico Stivoli , Radek Stompor

Weak gravitational lensing by intervening large-scale structure induces a distinct signature in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) that can be used to reconstruct the weak-lensing displacement map. Estimators for individual Fourier modes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Michael Kesden , Asantha Cooray , Marc Kamionkowski

The temperature perturbations of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) appear systematically suppressed, at large angular scales, with respect to the prediction of the LambdaCDM concordance model. This behavior might be a glimpse…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Noriaki Kitazawa

We study how the shape of the spectrum of primordial gravitational waves can be constrained by future experiments looking at the B-mode of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization. We implement a Principal Component Analysis (PCA)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-15 Paolo Campeti , Davide Poletti , Carlo Baccigalupi