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Probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) seeks a low dimensional representation of a data set in the presence of independent spherical Gaussian noise, Sigma = (sigma^2)*I. The maximum likelihood solution for the model is an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-06-23 Alfredo A. Kalaitzis , Neil D. Lawrence

Recently there has been many works on adaptive subspace filtering in the signal processing literature. Most of them are concerned with tracking the signal subspace spanned by the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-02-11 Rashid Ahmed , John A. Avaritsiotis

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular tool for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction in data analysis. There is a probabilistic version of PCA, known as Probabilistic PCA (PPCA). However, standard PCA and PPCA are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Bowen Zhao , Xi Xiao , Wanpeng Zhang , Bin Zhang , Shutao Xia

In this paper, we argue that in many basic algorithms for machine learning, including support vector machine (SVM) for classification, principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction, and regression for dependency…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Mohammad Hossein Mousavi , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali , Mahtab Mirmohseni

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a powerful data reductionmethod for Structural Health Monitoring. However, its computa-tional cost and data memory footprint pose a significant challengewhen PCA has to run on limited capability…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-06 Alessio Burrello , Alex Marchioni , Davide Brunelli , Luca Benini

Probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) seeks a low dimensional representation of a data set in the presence of independent spherical Gaussian noise. The maximum likelihood solution for the model is an eigenvalue problem on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Alfredo Kalaitzis , Neil Lawrence

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a fundamental tool in multivariate statistics, yet its sensitivity to outliers and limitations in distributed environments restrict its effectiveness in modern large-scale applications. To address these…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-16 Hung Hung , Zhi-Yu Jou , Su-Yun Huang , Shinto Eguchi

Principal component analysis (PCA) is possibly one of the most widely used statistical tools to recover a low-rank structure of the data. In the high-dimensional settings, the leading eigenvector of the sample covariance can be nearly…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-06 Chao Gao , Harrison H. Zhou

Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most widely used dimension reduction and multivariate statistical techniques. From a probabilistic perspective, PCA seeks a low-dimensional representation of data in the presence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Chihao Zhang , Kuo Gai , Shihua Zhang

Local-search methods are widely employed in statistical applications, yet interestingly, their theoretical foundations remain rather underexplored, compared to other classes of estimators such as low-degree polynomials and spectral methods.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-12 Max Lovig , Conor Sheehan , Konstantinos Tsirkas , Ilias Zadik

We develop and analyze algorithms for instrumental variable regression by viewing the problem as a conditional stochastic optimization problem. In the context of least-squares instrumental variable regression, our algorithms neither require…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-31 Xuxing Chen , Abhishek Roy , Yifan Hu , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian

Principal component analysis (PCA) is arguably the most popular tool in multivariate exploratory data analysis. In this paper, we consider the question of how to handle heterogeneous variables that include continuous, binary, and ordinal.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-24 Clifford Anderson-Bergman , Tamara G. Kolda , Kina Kincher-Winoto

We study the fundamental problem of Principal Component Analysis in a statistical distributed setting in which each machine out of $m$ stores a sample of $n$ points sampled i.i.d. from a single unknown distribution. We study algorithms for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Dan Garber , Ohad Shamir , Nathan Srebro

Distributed Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been studied to deal with the case when data are stored across multiple machines and communication cost or privacy concerns prohibit the computation of PCA in a central location. However,…

Computation · Statistics 2022-05-02 Yong He , Zichen Liu , Yalin Wang

We study the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) problem in a distributed setting. The goal of RPCA is to find an underlying low-rank estimation for a raw data matrix when the data matrix is subject to the corruption of gross sparse…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Wenda Chu

We introduce a novel algorithm that computes the $k$-sparse principal component of a positive semidefinite matrix $A$. Our algorithm is combinatorial and operates by examining a discrete set of special vectors lying in a low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-05-09 Dimitris S. Papailiopoulos , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Stavros Korokythakis

In many scientific disciplines, the features of interest cannot be observed directly, so must instead be inferred from observed behaviour. Latent variable analyses are increasingly employed to systematise these inferences, and Principal…

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a widely used method in various applications of signal processing and feature extraction. It extends principal component analysis (PCA) and can extract important and complicated components with small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yoshitatsu Matsuda , Kazunori Yamaguch

Fourier PCA is Principal Component Analysis of a matrix obtained from higher order derivatives of the logarithm of the Fourier transform of a distribution.We make this method algorithmic by developing a tensor decomposition method for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Navin Goyal , Santosh Vempala , Ying Xiao

Online Tensor Factorization (OTF) is a fundamental tool in learning low-dimensional interpretable features from streaming multi-modal data. While various algorithmic and theoretical aspects of OTF have been investigated recently, a general…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-05 Hanbaek Lyu , Christopher Strohmeier , Deanna Needell