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Forecasting conditional stochastic nonlinear dynamical systems is a fundamental challenge repeatedly encountered across the biological and physical sciences. While flow-based models can impressively predict the temporal evolution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Adam P. Generale , Andreas E. Robertson , Surya R. Kalidindi

Super-resolution is an ill-posed problem, since it allows for multiple predictions for a given low-resolution image. This fundamental fact is largely ignored by state-of-the-art deep learning based approaches. These methods instead train a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Andreas Lugmayr , Martin Danelljan , Luc Van Gool , Radu Timofte

Generative AI has achieved remarkable empirical success, but from the perspective of statistics it often remains opaque: its predictions may be accurate, yet the underlying mechanism is difficult to interpret, analyze, and trust. This book…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-11 Shinto Eguchi

Graph generation has emerged as a critical task in fields ranging from drug discovery to circuit design. Contemporary approaches, notably diffusion and flow-based models, have achieved solid graph generative performance through constructing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Keyue Jiang , Jiahao Cui , Xiaowen Dong , Laura Toni

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) are an attractive generative modeling technique, but they have been held back by limitations in their simulation-based maximum likelihood training. We introduce the generalized conditional flow matching…

Conditional distribution is a fundamental quantity for describing the relationship between a response and a predictor. We propose a Wasserstein generative approach to learning a conditional distribution. The proposed approach uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Shiao Liu , Xingyu Zhou , Yuling Jiao , Jian Huang

Time series imputation is important for numerous real-world applications. To overcome the limitations of diffusion model-based imputation methods, e.g., slow convergence in inference, we propose a novel method for time series imputation in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Weizhu Qian , Dalin Zhang , Yan Zhao , Yunyao Cheng

Recently, Deng et al. (2026) proposed Generative Modeling via Drifting (GMD), a novel framework for generative tasks. This note presents an analysis of GMD through the lens of Wasserstein Gradient Flows (WGF), i.e., the path of steepest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Arthur Gretton , Li Kevin Wenliang , Alexandre Galashov , James Thornton , Valentin De Bortoli , Arnaud Doucet

Probabilistic forecasting of multivariate time series is challenging due to non-stationarity, inter-variable dependencies, and distribution shifts. While recent diffusion and flow matching models have shown promise, they often ignore…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-19 Yanfeng Yang , Siwei Chen , Pingping Hu , Zhaotong Shen , Yingjie Zhang , Zhuoran Sun , Shuai Li , Ziqi Chen , Kenji Fukumizu

Reconstructing near-wall turbulence from wall-based measurements is a critical yet inherently ill-posed problem in wall-bounded flows, where limited sensing and spatially heterogeneous flow-wall coupling challenge deterministic estimation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-22 Meet Hemant Parikh , Xiantao Fan , Jian-Xun Wang

Flow matching is a recent framework to train generative models that exhibits impressive empirical performance while being relatively easier to train compared with diffusion-based models. Despite its advantageous properties, prior methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Quan Dao , Hao Phung , Binh Nguyen , Anh Tran

MeanFlow (MF) has recently been established as a framework for one-step generative modeling. However, its ``fastforward'' nature introduces key challenges in both the training objective and the guidance mechanism. First, the original MF's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhengyang Geng , Yiyang Lu , Zongze Wu , Eli Shechtman , J. Zico Kolter , Kaiming He

The sliced Wasserstein (SW) distance has been widely recognized as a statistically effective and computationally efficient metric between two probability measures. A key component of the SW distance is the slicing distribution. There are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-02 Khai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Score-based Generative Models (SGMs) approximate a data distribution by perturbing it with Gaussian noise and subsequently denoising it via a learned reverse diffusion process. These models excel at modeling complex data distributions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Stefano Bruno , Sotirios Sabanis

We present a generative modeling framework for synthesizing physically feasible two-dimensional incompressible flows under arbitrary obstacle geometries and boundary conditions. Whereas existing diffusion-based flow generators either ignore…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-23 Noah Trupin , Rahul Ghosh , Aadi Jangid

The sliced Wasserstein flow (SWF), a nonparametric and implicit generative gradient flow, is transformed into a Liouville partial differential equation (PDE)-based formalism. First, the stochastic diffusive term from the Fokker-Planck…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Jayshawn Cooper , Pilhwa Lee

Diffusion models are commonly interpreted as learning the score function, i.e., the gradient of the log-density of noisy data. However, this assumption implies that the target of learning is a conservative vector field, which is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 An B. Vuong , Michael T. McCann , Javier E. Santos , Yen Ting Lin

Flow-based generative models show great potential in image synthesis due to its reversible pipeline and exact log-likelihood target, yet it suffers from weak ability for conditional image synthesis, especially for multi-label or unaware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Rui Liu , Yu Liu , Xinyu Gong , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

The Sliced-Wasserstein distance (SW) is being increasingly used in machine learning applications as an alternative to the Wasserstein distance and offers significant computational and statistical benefits. Since it is defined as an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-05 Kimia Nadjahi , Alain Durmus , Pierre E. Jacob , Roland Badeau , Umut Şimşekli

Generative models excel at synthesizing high-fidelity samples from complex data distributions, but they often violate hard constraints arising from physical laws or task specifications. A common remedy is to project intermediate samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jinhao Liang , Yixuan Sun , Anirban Samaddar , Sandeep Madireddy , Ferdinando Fioretto