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In black-box optimization, a central question is which algorithm to use to solve a given, previously unseen, problem. Selecting a single algorithm, however, entails inherent risks: inaccuracies in the selector may lead to poor choices, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Catalin-Viorel Dinu , Diederick Vermetten , Carola Doerr

The growing ubiquity of machine learning (ML) has led it to enter various areas of computer science, including black-box optimization (BBO). Recent research is particularly concerned with Bayesian optimization (BO). BO-based algorithms are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Elena Raponi , Nathanael Rakotonirina Carraz , Jérémy Rapin , Carola Doerr , Olivier Teytaud

One of the most challenging problems in evolutionary computation is to select from its family of diverse solvers one that performs well on a given problem. This algorithm selection problem is complicated by the fact that different phases of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Diederick Vermetten , Hao Wang , Carola Doerr , Thomas Bäck

Existing Bayesian Optimization (BO) methods typically balance exploration and exploitation to optimize costly objective functions. However, these methods often suffer from a significant one-step bias, which may lead to convergence towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ruiyao Miao , Junren Xiao , Shiya Tsang , Hui Xiong , Yingnian Wu

In discrete-variable black-box optimization, the number of candidate solutions grows combinatorially, while each evaluation is often expensive. Therefore, it is important to identify promising solutions efficiently within a limited number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Reo Shikanai , Masayuki Ohzeki

Finite-difference methods are a class of algorithms designed to solve black-box optimization problems by approximating a gradient of the target function on a set of directions. In black-box optimization, the non-smooth setting is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Marco Rando , Cesare Molinari , Lorenzo Rosasco , Silvia Villa

The Bin Packing Problem (BPP) stands out as a paradigmatic combinatorial optimization problem in logistics. Quantum and hybrid quantum-classical algorithms are expected to show an advantage over their classical counterparts in obtaining…

The selection of the most appropriate algorithm to solve a given problem instance, known as algorithm selection, is driven by the potential to capitalize on the complementary performance of different algorithms across sets of problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Gjorgjina Cenikj , Ana Nikolikj , Gašper Petelin , Niki van Stein , Carola Doerr , Tome Eftimov

We propose a unified derivative-free proximal Newton-type algorithm framework for solving composite optimization problems formulated as the sum of a black-box function and a known regularization term. We establish the iteration and oracle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Zekun Liu , Jinyan Fan

Automated algorithm selection for continuous black-box optimization depends on representing problem information under limited probing and selecting solvers under heavy-tailed performance distributions. This paper proposes a geometric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jiabao Brad Wang , Xiang Shi , Yiliang Yuan , Mustafa Misir

We propose a new black-box complexity model for search algorithms evaluating $\lambda$ search points in parallel. The parallel unary unbiased black-box complexity gives lower bounds on the number of function evaluations every parallel unary…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Per Kristian Lehre , Dirk Sudholt

Model merging has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to training large language models (LLMs) from scratch, enabling researchers to combine pre-trained models into more capable systems without full retraining. Evolutionary approaches…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Md. Robiul Islam Niloy

Since the introduction of the Black-Scholes model stochastic processes have played an increasingly important role in mathematical finance. In many cases prices, volatility and other quantities can be modeled using stochastic ordinary…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Yin Mei Wong , Joshua Wilkie

Despite significant empirical and theoretically supported evidence that non-static parameter choices can be strongly beneficial in evolutionary computation, the question how to best adjust parameter values plays only a marginal role in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Carola Doerr , Markus Wagner

Black-box optimizers that explore in parameter space have often been shown to outperform more sophisticated action space exploration methods developed specifically for the reinforcement learning problem. We examine these black-box methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Anirudh Vemula , Wen Sun , J. Andrew Bagnell

Many real-time systems require the optimization of discrete variables. Black-box optimization (BBO) algorithms and multi-armed bandit (MAB) algorithms perform optimization by repeatedly taking actions and observing the corresponding instant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tomoya Kashimata , Yohei Hamakawa , Masaya Yamasaki , Kosuke Tatsumura

Benchmarking is essential for developing and evaluating black-box optimization algorithms, providing a structured means to analyze their search behavior. Its effectiveness relies on carefully selected problem sets used for evaluation. To…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Iván Olarte Rodríguez , Maria Laura Santoni , Fabian Duddeck , Carola Doerr , Thomas Bäck , Elena Raponi

We consider global non-convex optimisation problems under uncertainty. In this setting, it is not possible to implement a desired solution exactly. Instead, any other solution within some distance to the intended solution may be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Martin Hughes , Marc Goerigk , Trivikram Dokka

Optimizing discrete black-box functions is key in several domains, e.g. protein engineering and drug design. Due to the lack of gradient information and the need for sample efficiency, Bayesian optimization is an ideal candidate for these…

We consider black-box global optimization of time-consuming-to-evaluate functions on behalf of a decision-maker (DM) whose preferences must be learned. Each feasible design is associated with a time-consuming-to-evaluate vector of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-05 Raul Astudillo , Peter I. Frazier
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