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Related papers: Psychologically-Inspired Causal Prompts

200 papers

To make effective decisions, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the causal relationships among actions, environments, and outcomes. This review aims to surface three crucial aspects of decision-making through a causal lens:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-22 Lin Ge , Hengrui Cai , Runzhe Wan , Yang Xu , Rui Song

This paper shows how LLMs (Large Language Models) may be used to estimate a summary of the emotional state associated with piece of text. The summary of emotional state is a dictionary of words used to describe emotion together with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 David Sinclair , Willem Pye

Annotators' sociodemographic backgrounds (i.e., the individual compositions of their gender, age, educational background, etc.) have a strong impact on their decisions when working on subjective NLP tasks, such as toxic language detection.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Tilman Beck , Hendrik Schuff , Anne Lauscher , Iryna Gurevych

Informal first-person narratives are a unique resource for computational models of everyday events and people's affective reactions to them. People blogging about their day tend not to explicitly say I am happy. Instead they describe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Lena Reed , Jiaqi Wu , Shereen Oraby , Pranav Anand , Marilyn Walker

Sentiment analysis in low-resource, culturally nuanced contexts challenges conventional NLP approaches that assume fixed labels and universal affective expressions. We present a diagnostic framework that treats sentiment as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Millicent Ochieng , Anja Thieme , Ignatius Ezeani , Risa Ueno , Samuel Maina , Keshet Ronen , Javier Gonzalez , Jacki O'Neill

Causal inference is the process of estimating the effect or impact of a treatment on an outcome with other covariates as potential confounders (and mediators) that may need to be controlled. The vast majority of existing methods and systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Arun S. Maiya

System behavior is often based on causal relations between certain events (e.g. If event1, then event2). Consequently, those causal relations are also textually embedded in requirements. We want to extract this causal knowledge and utilize…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Jannik Fischbach , Benedikt Hauptmann , Lukas Konwitschny , Dominik Spies , Andreas Vogelsang

Rigorous evaluation of the causal effects of semantic features on language model predictions can be hard to achieve for natural language reasoning problems. However, this is such a desirable form of analysis from both an interpretability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Julia Rozanova , Marco Valentino , André Freitas

Understanding the importance of the inputs on the output is useful across many tasks. This work provides an information-theoretic framework to analyse the influence of inputs for text classification tasks. Natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Luran Wang , Mark Gales , Vatsal Raina

A standard paradigm for sentiment analysis is to rely on a singular LLM and makes the decision in a single round under the framework of in-context learning. This framework suffers the key disadvantage that the single-turn output generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Xiaofei Sun , Xiaoya Li , Shengyu Zhang , Shuhe Wang , Fei Wu , Jiwei Li , Tianwei Zhang , Guoyin Wang

Appraisal theories suggest that emotions arise from subjective evaluations of events, referred to as appraisals. The taxonomy of appraisals is quite diverse, and they are usually given ratings on a Likert scale to be annotated in an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Deniss Ruder , Andero Uusberg , Kairit Sirts

Imbalanced data commonly exists in real world, espacially in sentiment-related corpus, making it difficult to train a classifier to distinguish latent sentiment in text data. We observe that humans often express transitional emotion between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Tao Zhang , Xing Wu , Meng Lin , Jizhong Han , Songlin Hu

Human word associations are a well-known method of gaining insight into the internal mental lexicon, but the responses spontaneously offered by human participants to word cues are not always predictable as they may be influenced by personal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Špela Vintar , Jan Jona Javoršek

Emotion classification in text is a challenging task due to the processes involved when interpreting a textual description of a potential emotion stimulus. In addition, the set of emotion categories is highly domain-specific. For instance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Patrick Bareiß , Roman Klinger , Jeremy Barnes

Qualitative causal relationships compactly express the direction, dependency, temporal constraints, and monotonicity constraints of discrete or continuous interactions in the world. In everyday or academic language, we may express…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Scott E. Friedman , Ian H. Magnusson , Sonja M. Schmer-Galunder

Human beings often experience stress, which can significantly influence their performance. This study explores whether Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit stress responses similar to those of humans and whether their performance fluctuates…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Aorigele Bao , Xiang He , Yiting Dong , Yi Zeng

Humans no doubt use language to communicate about their emotional experiences, but does language in turn help humans understand emotions, or is language just a vehicle of communication? This study used a form of artificial intelligence (AI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ming Li , Yusheng Su , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Jiali Cheng , Xin Hu , Xinmiao Zhang , Huadong Wang , Yujia Qin , Xiaozhi Wang , Kristen A. Lindquist , Zhiyuan Liu , Dan Zhang

Recent advances in Big Data has prompted health care practitioners to utilize the data available on social media to discern sentiment and emotions expression. Health Informatics and Clinical Analytics depend heavily on information gathered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Adil Rajput

Causal reasoning, the ability to identify cause-and-effect relationship, is crucial in human thinking. Although large language models (LLMs) succeed in many NLP tasks, it is still challenging for them to conduct complex causal reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Xiao Liu , Da Yin , Chen Zhang , Yansong Feng , Dongyan Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently displayed their extraordinary capabilities in language understanding. However, how to comprehensively assess the sentiment capabilities of LLMs continues to be a challenge. This paper investigates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yang Liu , Xichou Zhu , Zhou Shen , Yi Liu , Min Li , Yujun Chen , Benzi John , Zhenzhen Ma , Tao Hu , Zhi Li , Zhiyang Xu , Wei Luo , Junhui Wang