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The Artificial Intelligence paradigm (hereinafter referred to as "AI") builds on the analysis of data able, among other things, to snap pictures of the individuals' behaviors and preferences. Such data represent the most valuable currency…

General Economics · Economics 2019-04-30 Otello Ardovino , Jacopo Arpetti , Marco Delmastro

NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens) have experienced an explosive growth and their record-breaking prices have been witnessed. Typically, the assets that NFTs represent are stored off-chain with a pointer, e.g., multi-hop URLs, due to the costly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Ziwei Wang , Jiashi Gao , Xuetao Wei

The pump and dump scheme is a form of market manipulation attack in which coordinated actors drive up the price of an asset in order to sell at a higher price. Due in part to a lack of enforcement, these schemes are widespread within the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Joshua Clough , Matthew Edwards

Non-technical losses (NTL) in electric power grids arise through electricity theft, broken electric meters or billing errors. They can harm the power supplier as well as the whole economy of a country through losses of up to 40% of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Niklas Dahringer

The non-fungible tokens (NFTs) market has evolved over the past decade, with NFTs serving as unique digital identifiers on a blockchain that certify ownership and authenticity. However, their high value also attracts attackers who exploit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Lei Xiao , Shuo Yang , Wen Chen , Zibin Zheng

Money launderers exploit the weaknesses in detection systems by purposefully placing their ill-gotten money into multiple accounts, at different banks. That money is then layered and moved around among mule accounts to obscure the origin…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Haseeb Tariq , Marwan Hassani

We propose that the liquidity of an asset includes two components: liquidity jump and liquidity diffusion. We show that liquidity diffusion has a higher correlation with crypto wash trading than liquidity jump and demonstrate that treatment…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-14 Qi Deng , Zhong-guo Zhou

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are non-interchangeable assets, usually digital art, which are stored on the blockchain. Preliminary studies find that female and darker-skinned NFTs are valued less than their male and lighter-skinned…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Howard Zhong , Mark Hamilton

Non-fungible token (NFT) is a tradable unit of data stored on the blockchain which can be associated with some digital asset as a certification of ownership. The past several years have witnessed the exponential growth of the NFT market. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Shuwei Li , Yucheng Jin , Pin-Lun Hsu , Ya-Sin Luo

Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies prioritize transactions based on their fees, creating a unique kind of fee market. Empirically, this market has failed to yield stable equilibria with predictable prices for desired levels of service. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Soumya Basu , David Easley , Maureen O'Hara , Emin Gün Sirer

Pixels and market cycles both move NFT prices. Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are unique digital assets, often used to represent ownership of digital art, collectibles, and other media, secured on blockchain networks like Ethereum. The rise of…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-15 Samiha Tariq

Given a stream of money transactions between accounts in a bank, how can we accurately detect money laundering agent accounts and suspected behaviors in real-time? Money laundering agents try to hide the origin of illegally obtained money…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Xiaobing Sun , Wenjie Feng , Shenghua Liu , Yuyang Xie , Siddharth Bhatia , Bryan Hooi , Wenhan Wang , Xueqi Cheng

Cryptocurrencies are considered relevant assets and they are currently used as an investment or to carry out transactions. However, specific characteristics commonly associated with the cryptocurrencies such as irreversibility,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Hugo Almeida , Pedro Pinto , Ana Fernández Vilas

Money laundering is the process that intends to legalize the income derived from illicit activities, thus facilitating their entry into the monetary flow of the economy without jeopardizing their source. It is crucial to identify such…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Zhihua Tian , Yuan Ding , Wenjie Qu , Xiang Yu , Enchao Gong , Jian Liu , Kui Ren

Machine learning methods to aid defence systems in detecting malicious activity typically rely on labelled data. In some domains, such labelled data is unavailable or incomplete. In practice this can lead to low detection rates and high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Ricardo Ribeiro Pereira , Jacopo Bono , João Tiago Ascensão , David Aparício , Pedro Ribeiro , Pedro Bizarro

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are a type of digital asset that represents a proof of ownership over a particular digital item such as art, music, or real estate. Due to the non-fungible nature of NFTs, duplicate tokens should not possess the…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Samrat Sahoo , Nitin Paul , Agam Shah , Andrew Hornback , Sudheer Chava

Money laundering enables organized crime by moving illicit funds into the legitimate economy. Although trillions of dollars are laundered each year, detection rates remain low because launderers evade oversight, confirmed cases are rare,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Johan Östman , Edvin Callisen , Anton Chen , Kristiina Ausmees , Emanuel Gårdh , Jovan Zamac , Jolanta Goldsteine , Hugo Wefer , Simon Whelan , Markus Reimegård

The non-fungible token (NFT) is an emergent type of cryptocurrency that has garnered extensive attention since its inception. The uniqueness, indivisibility and humanistic value of NFTs are the key characteristics that distinguish them from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Yixiang Tan , Zhiying Wu , Jieli Liu , Jiajing Wu , Zibin Zheng , Ting Chen

An explosion of interest in Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) has led to the emergence of vibrant online marketplaces that enable users to buy, sell and create digital assets. Largely considered contractual representations of digital artworks,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Sarah Barrington

Objectives: To combat money laundering, banks raise and review alerts on transactions that exceed confidential thresholds. However, the thresholds may be leaked to criminals, allowing them to break up large transactions into amounts under…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-22 Rasmus Ingemann Tuffveson Jensen , Joras Ferwerda , Christian Remi Wewer
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