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Outlier detection refers to the identification of rare items that are deviant from the general data distribution. Existing approaches suffer from high computational complexity, low predictive capability, and limited interpretability. As a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-04 Zheng Li , Yue Zhao , Nicola Botta , Cezar Ionescu , Xiyang Hu

In an Industrial Control System (ICS), its complex network of sensors, actuators and controllers have raised security concerns for critical infrastructures and industrial production units. This opinion paper strives to initiate discussion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed , Jay Prakash , Jianying Zhou

Detecting anomalies of a cyber physical system (CPS), which is a complex system consisting of both physical and software parts, is important because a CPS often operates autonomously in an unpredictable environment. However, because of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Yoshiyuki Harada , Yoriyuki Yamagata , Osamu Mizuno , Eun-Hye Choi

Industrial control systems (ICSs) are widely used in industry, and their security and stability are very important. Once the ICS is attacked, it may cause serious damage. Therefore, it is very important to detect anomalies in ICSs. ICS can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Dongyang Zhan , Wenqi Zhang , Lin Ye , Xiangzhan Yu , Hongli Zhang , Zheng He

Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) are becoming more and more important in managing the operation of many important systems in smart manufacturing, such as power stations, water supply systems, and manufacturing sites. While massive digital…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-05 Do Thu Ha , Nguyen Xuan Hoang , Nguyen Viet Hoang , Nguyen Huu Du , Truong Thu Huong , Kim Phuc Tran

Outlier detection is widely used in practice to track the anomaly on incremental datasets such as network traffic and system logs. However, these datasets often involve sensitive information, and sharing the data to third parties for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Shangqi Lai , Xingliang Yuan , Amin Sakzad , Mahsa Salehi , Joseph K. Liu , Dongxi Liu

This study proposes an anomaly detection method for operational data of industrial control systems (ICSs). Sequence-to-sequence neural networks were applied to train and predict ICS operational data and interpret their time-series…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Jonguk Kim , Jeong-Han Yun , Hyoung Chun Kim

Anomaly detection plays a vital role in the security and safety of cyber-physical control systems, and accurately distinguishing between different anomaly types is crucial for system recovery and mitigation. This study proposes a dual…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Xixing Xue , Dong Shen , Steven X. Ding , Dong Zhao

Over the past decade, industrial control systems have experienced a massive integration with information technologies. Industrial networks have undergone numerous technical transformations to protect operational and production processes,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Riccardo Colelli , Filippo Magri , Stefano Panzieri , Federica Pascucci

Anomaly detection methods are part of the systems where rare events may endanger an operation's profitability, safety, and environmental aspects. Although many state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods were developed to date, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Marek Wadinger , Michal Kvasnica

We introduce a data-driven anomaly detection framework using a manufacturing dataset collected from a factory assembly line. Given heterogeneous time series data consisting of operation cycle signals and sensor signals, we aim at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Kyeong-Joong Jeong , Jin-Duk Park , Kyusoon Hwang , Seong-Lyun Kim , Won-Yong Shin

Anomaly detection for cyber-physical systems (ADCPS) is crucial in identifying faults and potential attacks by analyzing the time series of sensor measurements and actuator states. However, current methods lack adaptation to data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jiyu Tian , Mingchu Li , Liming Chen , Zumin Wang

Anomaly detection from a single image is challenging since anomaly data is always rare and can be with highly unpredictable types. With only anomaly-free data available, most existing methods train an AutoEncoder to reconstruct the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Yunfei Liu , Chaoqun Zhuang , Feng Lu

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) integrate computing, physical processes, and communication to operate critical infrastructures such as power grids, water treatment plants, and oil and gas facilities. As ICS become increasingly targeted by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Eungyu Woo , Yooshin Kim , Wonje Heo , Donghoon Shin

This study introduces the Iterative Refinement Process (IRP), a robust anomaly detection methodology designed for high-stakes industrial quality control. The IRP enhances defect detection accuracy through a cyclic data refinement strategy,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Muhammad Aqeel , Shakiba Sharifi , Marco Cristani , Francesco Setti

The anomaly detection method presented by this paper has a special feature: it does not only indicate whether an observation is anomalous or not but also tells what exactly makes an anomalous observation unusual. Hence, it provides support…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Gábor Horváth , Edith Kovács , Roland Molontay , Szabolcs Nováczki

In response to the demand for higher computational power, the number of computing nodes in high performance computers (HPC) increases rapidly. Exascale HPC systems are expected to arrive by 2020. With drastic increase in the number of HPC…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Siavash Ghiasvand , Florina M. Ciorba

Unsupervised learning methods are well established in the area of anomaly detection and achieve state of the art performances on outlier datasets. Outliers play a significant role, since they bear the potential to distort the predictions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Andreas Lohrer , Daniyal Kazempour , Maximilian Hünemörder , Peer Kröger

Anomaly detection is a critical requirement for ensuring safety in autonomous driving. In this work, we leverage Cooperative Perception to share information across nearby vehicles, enabling more accurate identification and consensus of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Ashish Bastola , Hao Wang , Abolfazl Razi

Outlier detection refers to the identification of data points that deviate from a general data distribution. Existing unsupervised approaches often suffer from high computational cost, complex hyperparameter tuning, and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Zheng Li , Yue Zhao , Xiyang Hu , Nicola Botta , Cezar Ionescu , George H. Chen
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