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We study the classical metric $k$-median clustering problem over a set of input rankings (i.e., permutations), which has myriad applications, from social-choice theory to web search and databases. A folklore algorithm provides a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Diptarka Chakraborty , Debarati Das , Robert Krauthgamer

Clustering is a popular form of unsupervised learning for geometric data. Unfortunately, many clustering algorithms lead to cluster assignments that are hard to explain, partially because they depend on all the features of the data in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Sanjoy Dasgupta , Nave Frost , Michal Moshkovitz , Cyrus Rashtchian

The Metric $k$-median problem over a metric space $(\mathcal{X}, d)$ is defined as follows: given a set $L \subseteq \mathcal{X}$ of facility locations and a set $C \subseteq \mathcal{X}$ of clients, open a set $F \subseteq L$ of $k$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Dishant Goyal , Ragesh Jaiswal , Amit Kumar

Bateni et al. has recently introduced the weak-strong distance oracle model to study clustering problems in settings with limited distance information. Given query access to the strong-oracle and weak-oracle in the weak-strong oracle model,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Pinki Pradhan , Anup Bhattacharya , Ragesh Jaiswal

$k$-means clustering is a well-studied problem due to its wide applicability. Unfortunately, there exist strong theoretical limits on the performance of any algorithm for the $k$-means problem on worst-case inputs. To overcome this barrier,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Jon C. Ergun , Zhili Feng , Sandeep Silwal , David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

We consider the problem of clustering with $K$-means and Gaussian mixture models with a constraint on the separation between the centers in the context of real-valued data. We first propose a dynamic programming approach to solving the…

Computation · Statistics 2023-01-24 He Jiang , Ery Arias-Castro

In this paper, we investigate the learning-augmented $k$-median clustering problem, which aims to improve the performance of traditional clustering algorithms by preprocessing the point set with a predictor of error rate $\alpha \in [0,1)$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Kangke Cheng , Shihong Song , Guanlin Mo , Hu Ding

The $k$-center problem for a point set~$P$ asks for a collection of $k$ congruent balls (that is, balls of equal radius) that together cover all the points in $P$ and whose radius is minimized. The $k$-center problem with outliers is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Mark de Berg , Morteza Monemizadeh , Yu Zhong

We revisit the $(f,g)$-clustering problem that we introduced in a recent work [SODA'25], and which subsumes fundamental clustering problems such as $k$-Center, $k$-Median, Min-Sum of Radii, and Min-Load $k$-Clustering. This problem assigns…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Martin G. Herold , Evangelos Kipouridis , Joachim Spoerhase

Individual fairness guarantees are often desirable properties to have, but they become hard to formalize when the dataset contains outliers. Here, we investigate the problem of developing an individually fair $k$-means clustering algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Binita Maity , Shrutimoy Das , Anirban Dasgupta

The input to the \emph{sets-$k$-means} problem is an integer $k\geq 1$ and a set $\mathcal{P}=\{P_1,\cdots,P_n\}$ of sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$. The goal is to compute a set $C$ of $k$ centers (points) in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that minimizes the sum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Ibrahim Jubran , Murad Tukan , Alaa Maalouf , Dan Feldman

Kernel $k$-means clustering can correctly identify and extract a far more varied collection of cluster structures than the linear $k$-means clustering algorithm. However, kernel $k$-means clustering is computationally expensive when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Shusen Wang , Alex Gittens , Michael W. Mahoney

Center-based clustering has attracted significant research interest from both theory and practice. In many practical applications, input data often contain background knowledge that can be used to improve clustering results. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Longkun Guo , Chaoqi Jia , Kewen Liao , Zhigang Lu , Minhui Xue

We study a variant of classical clustering formulations in the context of algorithmic fairness, known as diversity-aware clustering. In this variant we are given a collection of facility subsets, and a solution must contain at least a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Suhas Thejaswi , Ameet Gadekar , Bruno Ordozgoiti , Michal Osadnik

We consider clustering problems with {\em non-uniform lower bounds and outliers}, and obtain the {\em first approximation guarantees} for these problems. We have a set $\F$ of facilities with lower bounds $\{L_i\}_{i\in\F}$ and a set $\D$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-04 Sara Ahmadian , Chaitanya Swamy

Clustering plays a crucial role in computer science, facilitating data analysis and problem-solving across numerous fields. By partitioning large datasets into meaningful groups, clustering reveals hidden structures and relationships within…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Aryan Esmailpour , Stavros Sintos

This paper presents universal algorithms for clustering problems, including the widely studied $k$-median, $k$-means, and $k$-center objectives. The input is a metric space containing all potential client locations. The algorithm must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Arun Ganesh , Bruce M. Maggs , Debmalya Panigrahi

We study $k$-means clustering in a semi-supervised setting. Given an oracle that returns whether two given points belong to the same cluster in a fixed optimal clustering, we investigate the following question: how many oracle queries are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Buddhima Gamlath , Sangxia Huang , Ola Svensson

Center-based clustering is a fundamental primitive for data analysis and becomes very challenging for large datasets. In this paper, we focus on the popular $k$-center variant which, given a set $S$ of points from some metric space and a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Matteo Ceccarello , Andrea Pietracaprina , Geppino Pucci

A well-known bottleneck of Min-Sum-of-Square Clustering (MSSC, the celebrated $k$-means problem) is to tackle the presence of outliers. In this paper, we propose a Partial clustering variant termed PMSSC which considers a fixed number of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Nicolas Dupin , Frank Nielsen