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Measurement-constrained datasets, often encountered in semi-supervised learning, arise when data labeling is costly, time-intensive, or hindered by confidentiality or ethical concerns, resulting in a scarcity of labeled data. In certain…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-15 Yixin Shen , Yang Ning

Delayed primary outcomes and administratively censored follow-up create a general semiparametric estimation problem: the target causal functional depends on an endpoint observed only for a shrinking subset of units at analysis time, while…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-02 Lin Li , Tuo Lin , Yiwen Chen , Xin M. Tu

This paper presents a methodological framework for training, self-optimising, and self-organising surrogate models to approximate and speed up multiobjective optimisation of technical systems based on multiphysics simulations. At the hand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Diego Botache , Jens Decke , Winfried Ripken , Abhinay Dornipati , Franz Götz-Hahn , Mohamed Ayeb , Bernhard Sick

Surrogate modeling has brought about a revolution in computation in the branches of science and engineering. Backed by Artificial Intelligence, a surrogate model can present highly accurate results with a significant reduction in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Abid Hossain Khan , Salauddin Omar , Nadia Mushtary , Richa Verma , Dinesh Kumar , Syed Alam

Data-driven surrogate models are widely used for applications such as design optimization and uncertainty quantification, where repeated evaluations of an expensive simulator are required. For most partial differential equation (PDE)…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-10-18 Wei Xing , Robert M. Kirby , Shandian Zhe

Hardware-aware Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is one of the most promising techniques for designing efficient Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for resource-constrained devices. Surrogate models play a crucial role in hardware-aware NAS as they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Azaz-Ur-Rehman Nasir , Samroz Ahmad Shoaib , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

Many real-world decision-making processes rely on solving mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems. However, finding high-quality solutions to MINLPs is often computationally demanding. This has motivated the development of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Marina Cuesta , Claudia D'Ambrosio , María Durban , Vanesa Guerrero , Renan Spencer Trindade

Surrogate-based optimization, nature-inspired metaheuristics, and hybrid combinations have become state of the art in algorithm design for solving real-world optimization problems. Still, it is difficult for practitioners to get an overview…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Jörg Stork , A. E. Eiben , Thomas Bartz-Beielstein

Despite the recent progress in hyperparameter optimization (HPO), available benchmarks that resemble real-world scenarios consist of a few and very large problem instances that are expensive to solve. This blocks researchers and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Aaron Klein , Zhenwen Dai , Frank Hutter , Neil Lawrence , Javier Gonzalez

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) has recently emerged as a promising strategy for tackling the problem of machine learning model robustness under distribution shifts by adapting the model during inference without access to any labels. Because of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Sebastian Cygert , Damian Sójka , Tomasz Trzciński , Bartłomiej Twardowski

Multi-fidelity surrogate models combining dimensionality reduction and an intermediate surrogate in the reduced space allow a cost-effective emulation of simulators with functional outputs. The surrogate is an input-output mapping learned…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Lucas Brunel , Mathieu Balesdent , Loïc Brevault , Rodolphe Le Riche , Bruno Sudret

Data assimilation is the process of fusing information from imperfect computer simulations with noisy, sparse measurements of reality to obtain improved estimates of the state or parameters of a dynamical system of interest. The data…

Designing an inexpensive approximate surrogate model that captures the salient features of an expensive high-fidelity behavior is a prevalent approach in design optimization. In recent times, Deep Learning (DL) models are being used as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Harsh Vardhan , Janos Sztipanovits

Adaptive designs are increasingly used in clinical trials and online experiments to improve participant outcomes by dynamically updating treatment allocation as data accumulate. In practice, experimenters often consider multiple candidate…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-08 Wenxin Zhang , Aaron Hudson , Maya Petersen , Mark van der Laan

This work is in the context of blackbox optimization where the functions defining the problem are expensive to evaluate and where no derivatives are available. A tried and tested technique is to build surrogates of the objective and the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-18 Charles Audet , Sébastien Le Digabel , Renaud Saltet

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a natural computational model for on-sensor and near-sensor vision, where event driven processors must operate under strict power budgets with hard binary spikes. However, models trained with surrogate…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Maximilian Nicholson

A surrogate model approximates the outputs of a solver of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) with a low computational cost. In this article, we propose a method to build learning-based surrogates in the context of parameterized PDEs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Alejandro Ribés , Nawfal Benchekroun , Théo Delagnes

High-Performance Computing (HPC) schedulers must balance user performance with facility-wide resource constraints. The task boils down to selecting the optimal number of nodes for a given job. We present a surrogate-assisted multi-objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Ashna Nawar Ahmed , Banooqa Banday , Terry Jones , Tanzima Z. Islam

As human-robot interaction (HRI) systems advance, so does the difficulty of evaluating and understanding the strengths and limitations of these systems in different environments and with different users. To this end, previous methods have…

Significant effort has been made to solve computationally expensive optimization problems in the past two decades, and various optimization methods incorporating surrogates into optimization have been proposed. Most research focuses on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-11 Julian Blank , Kalyanmoy Deb