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Trilayer graphene in both ABA (Bernal) and ABC (rhombohedral) stacking sequences is shown to exhibit intense infrared absorption from in-plane optical phonons. The feature, lying at ~1580 cm-1, changes strongly with electrostatic gating.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-03 Chun Hung Lui , Emmanuele Cappelluti , Zhiqiang Li , Tony F. Heinz

The crystallographic stacking order in multilayer graphene plays an important role in determining its electronic structure. In trilayer graphene, rhombohedral stacking (ABC) is particularly intriguing, exhibiting a flat band with an…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-06-12 Changhua Bao , Wei Yao , Eryin Wang , Chaoyu Chen , José Avila , Maria C. Asensio , Shuyun Zhou

The in-plane optical phonons around 200 meV in few-layer graphene are investigated utilizing infrared absorption spectroscopy. The phonon spectra exhibit unusual asymmetric features characteristic of Fano resonances, which depend critically…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Zhiqiang Li , Chun Hung Lui , Emmanuele Cappelluti , Lara Benfatto , Kin Fai Mak , G. Larry Carr , Jie Shan , Tony F. Heinz

The extrinsic stacking sequence based on intrinsic crystal symmetry in multilayer two-dimensional materials plays a significant role in determining their electronic and optical properties. Compared with Bernal-stacked (ABA) multilayer…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Zuo Feng , Wenxuan Wang , Yilong You , Yifei Chen , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Chang Liu , Kaihui Liu , Xiaobo Lu

The stacking order degree of freedom in trilayer graphene plays a critical role in determining the existence of an electric field tunable band gap. We present spatially-resolved tunneling spectroscopy measurements of dual gated Bernal (ABA)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-07-31 Matthew Yankowitz , Fenglin Wang , Chun Ning Lau , Brian J. LeRoy

The effect of different stacking order of graphene multilayers on the electric field induced band gap is investigated. We considered a positively charged top and a negatively charged back gate in order to independently tune the band gap and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 A. A. Avetisyan , B. Partoens , F. M. Peeters

A striking feature of bilayer graphene is the induction of a significant band gap in the electronic states by the application of a perpendicular electric field. Thicker graphene layers are also highly attractive materials. The ability to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-02-21 Chun Hung Lui , Zhiqiang Li , Kin Fai Mak , Emmanuele Cappelluti , Tony F. Heinz

The crystal structure of a material plays an important role in determining its electronic properties. Changing from one crystal structure to another involves a phase transition which is usually controlled by a state variable such as…

Crystal symmetry plays a central role in governing a wide range of fundamental physical phenomena. One example is the nonlinear optical second harmonic generation (SHG), which requires inversion symmetry breaking. Here we report a unique…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-11-27 Yuwei Shan , Yingguo Li , Di Huang , Qingjun Tong , Wang Yao , Wei-Tao Liu , Shiwei Wu

We observed distinct interlayer shear mode Raman spectra for trilayer graphene with ABA and ABC stacking order. There are two rigid-plane shear-mode phonon branches in trilayer graphene. We found that ABA trilayers exhibit pronounced Raman…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Chun Hung Lui , Zhipeng Ye , Courtney Keiser , Eduardo B. Barros , Rui He

We present a comparative measurement of the G-peak oscillations of phonon frequency, Raman intensity and linewidth in the Magneto-Raman scattering of optical E2g phonons in mechanically exfoliated ABA- and ABC-stacked trilayer graphene…

Stackings in graphene have a pivotal role in properties to be discussed in the future, as seen in the recently found superconductivity of twisted bilayer graphene. Beyond bilayer graphene, the stacking order of multilayer graphene can be…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Raúl Guerrero-Avilés , Marta Pelc , Fabian Geisenhof , Thomas Weitz , Andrés Ayuela

The crystallographic stacking order in multilayer graphene plays an important role in determining its electronic properties. It has been predicted that a rhombohedral (ABC) stacking displays a conducting surface state with flat electronic…

Using a Green's function approach, we study phonon-mediated superconducting pairing symmetries that may arise in bilayer graphene where the monolayers are displaced in-plane with respect to each other. We consider a generic coupling…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-04-26 Mohammad Alidoust , Morten Willatzen , Antti-Pekka Jauho

We investigate the competition between acoustic-phonon-mediated superconductivity and the long-range Coulomb interaction in moir\'eless graphene multilayers, specifically, Bernal bilayer graphene, rhombohedral trilayer graphene, and…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-07-11 Yang-Zhi Chou , Fengcheng Wu , Jay D. Sau , Sankar Das Sarma

The electronic structure of few-layer graphene (FLG) samples with crystalline order was investigated experimentally by infrared absorption spectroscopy for photon energies ranging from 0.2 - 1 eV. Distinct optical conductivity spectra were…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-18 Kin Fai Mak , Jie Shan , Tony F. Heinz

Few-layer graphene (FLG) has been predicted to exist in various crystallographic stacking sequences, which can strongly influence the electronic properties of FLG. We demonstrate an accurate and efficient method to characterize stacking…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-02-01 Chun Hung Lui , Zhiqiang Li , Zheyuan Chen , Paul V. Klimov , Louis E. Brus , Tony F. Heinz

We study the variations of electron-phonon coupling and their spectroscopic consequences in response to sliding of two layers in bilayer graphene using first-principles calculations and a model Hamiltonian. Our study shows that the long…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-07-25 Seon-Myeong Choi , Seung-Hoon Jhi , Young-Woo Son

Symmetry breaking governs most fascinating phenomena in crystals, such as ferroelectricity, nonlinear optics, piezoelectricity, ferromagnetism, and superconductivity. In two-dimensional materials, a wide variety of tuning knobs presents…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-07-11 Wenqiang Zhou , Jiannan Hua , Naitian Liu , Jing Ding , Hanxiao Xiang , Wei Zhu , Shuigang Xu

In tetralayer graphene, three inequivalent layer stackings should exist, however, only rhombohedral (ABCA) and Bernal (ABAB) stacking have so far been observed. The three stacking sequences differ in their electronic structure, with the…

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