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Due to recent development in quantum computing, the invention of a large quantum computer is no longer a distant future. Quantum computing severely threatens modern cryptography, as the hard mathematical problems beneath classic public-key…
Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…
The speed of a fault-tolerant quantum computer is dictated by the reaction time of its classical electronics, that is, the total time required by decoders and controllers to determine the outcome of a logical measurement and execute…
Quantifying the complexity of quantum states that possess intrinsic structure, such as symmetry or encoding, in a fair manner constitutes a core challenge in the benchmarking of quantum technologies. This paper introduces the…
Compiling quantum algorithms for near-term quantum computers (accounting for connectivity and native gate alphabets) is a major challenge that has received significant attention both by industry and academia. Avoiding the exponential…
We first consider the basic requirements for a quantum computer, arguing for the attractiveness of nuclear spins as information-bearing entities, and light for the coupling which allows quantum gates. We then survey the strengths of and…
As quantum computing technology improves and quantum computers with a small but non-trivial number of N > 100 qubits appear feasible in the near future the question of possible applications of small quantum computers gains importance. One…
Quantum information processing and its associated technologies has reached an interesting and timely stage in their development where many different experiments have been performed establishing the basic building blocks. The challenge…
The study and prediction of chemical reactivity is one of the most important application areas of molecular quantum chemistry. Large-scale, fully error-tolerant quantum computers could provide exact or near-exact solutions to the underlying…
The cost of enabling connectivity in Noisy-Intermediate-Scale-Quantum devices is an important factor in determining computational power. We have created a qubit routing algorithm which enables efficient global connectivity in a previously…
In this work, we present a quantum algorithm for ground-state energy calculations of periodic solids on error-corrected quantum computers. The algorithm is based on the sparse qubitization approach in second quantization and developed for…
In this abstract we study the resource consumption of quantum programs. Specifically, we focus on the expected runtime of programs and, inspired by recent methods for probabilistic programs, we develop a calculus \`a la weakest precondition…
We present quantum circuits to implement an exhaustive key search for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and analyze the quantum resources required to carry out such an attack. We consider the overall circuit size, the number of qubits,…
We compare several quantum phase estimation (QPE) protocols intended for early fault-tolerant quantum computers (EFTQCs) in the context of models of their implementations on a surface code architecture. We estimate the logical and physical…
The effect of the inevitable coupling to external degrees of freedom of a quantum computer are examined. It is found that for quantum calculations (in which the maintenance of coherence over a large number of states is important), not only…
While researchers in both industry and academia are racing to build Quantum Computing (QC) platforms with viable performance and functionality, the environmental impacts of this endeavor, such as its carbon footprint, e-waste generation,…
As quantum hardware continues to improve, more and more application scientists have entered the field of quantum computing. However, even with the rapid improvements in the last few years, quantum devices, especially for quantum chemistry…
Quantum computing threatens to undermine classical cryptography by breaking widely deployed encryption and signature schemes. This paper examines enterprise readiness for quantum-safe cybersecurity through three perspectives: (i) the…
With the constantly advancing capabilities of quantum computers, conventional cryptographic systems relying on complex math problems may encounter unforeseen vulnerabilities. Unlike regular computers, which are often deemed cost-ineffective…
We use entropy-energy arguments to assess the limitations on the running time and on the system size, as measured in qubits, of noisy macroscopic circuit-based quantum computers.