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In this short paper, Penrose's famous singularity theorem is applied to the Kerr space-time. In the case of the maximally extended space-time, the assumptions of Penrose's singularity theorem are not satisfied as the space-time is not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Jonathan Brook , Chris Stevens

In this paper, we study rigidity aspects of Penrose's singularity theorem. Specifically, we aim to answer the following question: if a spacetime satisfies the hypotheses of Penrose's singularity theorem except with weakly trapped surfaces…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-23 Gregory J. Galloway , Eric Ling

We address the stability issue of Ricci-flat and maximally symmetric spacetimes in nonlocal gravity to all perturbative orders in the gravitational perturbation. Assuming a potential at least cubic in curvature tensors but quadratic in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-01 Fabio Briscese , Gianluca Calcagni , Leonardo Modesto

Backgrounds are pervasive in almost every application of general relativity. Here we consider the Lagrangian formulation of general relativity for large perturbations with respect to a curved background spacetime. We show that Noether's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. N. Petrov , J. Katz

This paper initiates a series of works dedicated to the rigorous study of the precise structure of gravitational radiation near infinity. We begin with a brief review of an argument due to Christodoulou [1] stating that Penrose's proposal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-20 Lionor M. A. Kehrberger

Substatic Riemannian manifolds with minimal boundary arise naturally in General Relativity as spatial slices of static spacetimes satisfying the Null Energy Condition. Moreover, they constitute a vast generalization of nonnegative Ricci…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-07-28 Stefano Borghini , Mattia Fogagnolo

We study constant mean curvature spacelike hypersurfaces in generalized Robertson-Walker spacetimes which are spatially parabolic covered (i.e. its fiber F is a (non- compact) complete Riemannian manifold whose universal covering is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-03 Juan A. Aledo , Rafael M. Rubio , Juan J. Salamanca

The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) states that the integral along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the tangent vector to the geodesic cannot be negative. ANEC can be used to rule out…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-23 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou

We construct an approximate solution to the cosmological perturbation theory around Einstein-de Sitter background up to the fourth-order perturbations. This could be done with the help of the specific symmetry condition imposed on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-17 Szymon Sikora , Krzysztof Głód

We consider general relativity with cosmological constant minimally coupled to electromagnetic field and assume that four-dimensional space-time manifold is the warped product of two surfaces with Lorentzian and Euclidean signature metrics.…

General Physics · Physics 2019-07-31 D. E. Afanasev , M. O. Katanaev

We generalize the coset procedure of homogeneous spacetimes in (pseudo-)Riemannian geometry to non-Lorentzian geometries. These are manifolds endowed with nowhere vanishing invertible vielbeins that transform under local non-Lorentzian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-08 Kevin T. Grosvenor , Jelle Hartong , Cynthia Keeler , Niels A. Obers

We prove global existence for solutions arising from small initial data for a large class of quasilinear wave equations satisfying the `weak null condition' of Lindblad and Rodnianski, significantly enlarging upon the class of equations for…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-10-02 Joseph Keir

We introduce a variational first-order Sobolev calculus on metric measure spacetimes. The key object is the maximal weak subslope of an arbitrary causal function, which plays the role of the (Lorentzian) modulus of its differential. It is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Tobias Beran , Mathias Braun , Matteo Calisti , Nicola Gigli , Robert J. McCann , Argam Ohanyan , Felix Rott , Clemens Sämann

We consider spacetimes consisting of a manifold with Lorentzian metric and a weight function or scalar field. These spacetimes admit a Bakry-\'Emery-Ricci tensor which is a natural generalization of the Ricci tensor. We impose an energy…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-10-28 Gregory J. Galloway , Eric Woolgar

The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ used to be a freedom in Einstein's theory of general relativity, where one had a proclivity to set it to zero purely for convenience. The signs of $\Lambda$ or $\Lambda$ being zero would describe…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-22 Vee-Liem Saw

In the present article we find a new class of solutions of Einstein's field equations. It describes stationary, cylindrically symmetric spacetimes with closed timelike geodesics everywhere outside the symmetry axis. These spacetimes contain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-20 Oyvind Gron , Steinar Johannesen

We identify a condition on spacelike 2-surfaces in a spacetime that is relevant to understanding the concept of mass in general relativity. We prove a formula for the variation of the spacetime Hawking mass under a uniformly area expanding…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-05-30 Hubert L. Bray , Jeffrey L. Jauregui

We present a topological classification of vacuum space-time. Assuming the 3-dimensional space allows a global chart, we show that the static vacuum space-time of Einstein's theory can be classified by the knot topology…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Y. M. Cho

Several uniqueness results for non-compact complete stationary spacelike surfaces in an $n(\geq 3)$-dimensional Generalized Robertson Walker spacetime are obtained. In order to do that, we assume a natural inequality involving the Gauss…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-09-08 Danilo Ferreira , Eraldo A. Lima , Alfonso Romero

A representation of spatial infinity based in the properties of conformal geodesics is used to obtain asymptotic expansions of the gravitational field near the region where null infinity touches spatial infinity. These expansions show that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Juan A. Valiente Kroon