Related papers: Boosting Big Brother: Attacking Search Engines wit…

Search engine became omnipresent means for ingoing to the web. Spamming Search engine is the technique to deceiving the ranking in search engine and it inflates the ranking. Web spammers have taken advantage of the vulnerability of link…

With the recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT from OpenAI, BARD from Google, Llama2 from Meta, and Claude from Anthropic AI, gain widespread use, ensuring their security and robustness is critical. The widespread…

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in chatbots, code generators, and search engines. Workload such as chain-of-throught, complex reasoning, agent services significantly increase the inference cost by invoke the model…

Code metamorphism refers to a computer programming exercise wherein the program modifies its own code (partial or entire) consistently and automatically while retaining its core functionality. This technique is often used for online…

We study the behavior of several black-box search algorithms used for generating adversarial examples for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. We perform a fine-grained analysis of three elements relevant to search: search algorithm,…

The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, such as Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to nontrivial improvements in various tasks, including accurate authorship identification of documents. However, while LLMs…

Web spammers used Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques to increase search-ranking of web sites. In this paper we have study the essentials SEO techniques, such as; directory submission, keyword generation and link exchanges. The…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are seeing significant adoption in every type of organization due to their exceptional generative capabilities. However, LLMs are found to be vulnerable to various adversarial attacks, particularly prompt…

In web search, typically a candidate generation step selects a small set of documents---from collections containing as many as billions of web pages---that are subsequently ranked and pruned before being presented to the user. In Bing, the…

The growing use of social media has led to the development of several Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing(NLP) tools to process the unprecedented amount of social media content to make actionable decisions. However, these…

Recently more attention has been given to adversarial attacks on neural networks for natural language processing (NLP). A central research topic has been the investigation of search algorithms and search constraints, accompanied by…

The data structure at the core of large-scale search engines is the inverted index, which is essentially a collection of sorted integer sequences called inverted lists. Because of the many documents indexed by such engines and stringent…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into search services, providing direct answers that can reduce users' reliance on traditional result pages. Yet their factual reliability in non-English web ecosystems remains poorly…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, but their robustness against adversarial attacks remains a critical concern. We presents a novel white-box style attack approach that exposes vulnerabilities in…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for their advanced text generation capabilities across various domains. However, like any software, they face security challenges, including the risk of 'jailbreak' attacks that…

Large language models (LLMs) encode a large amount of world knowledge. However, as such knowledge is frozen at the time of model training, the models become static and limited by the training data at that time. In order to further improve…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly influenced various industries but suffer from a critical flaw, the potential sensitivity of generating harmful content, which poses severe societal risks. We developed and tested novel attack…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being integrated into search engines to provide natural language responses tailored to user queries. Customers and end-users are also becoming more dependent on these models for quick and easy…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly equipped with capabilities of real-time web search and integrated with protocols like Model Context Protocol (MCP). This extension could introduce new security vulnerabilities. We present a…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), offering transformative capabilities in understanding and generating human-like text. However, with their rising prominence, the…