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NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory is delivering vector field observations of the full solar disk with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution; however, the satellite is in a highly inclined geostationary orbit. The relative…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-01 P. W. Schuck , Spiro Antiochos , K. D. Leka , Graham Barnes

Multivariate time series (MTS) anomaly detection identifies abnormal patterns where each timestamp contains multiple variables. Existing MTS anomaly detection methods fall into three categories: reconstruction-based, prediction-based, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yuanyuan Yao , Yuhan Shi , Lu Chen , Ziquan Fang , Yunjun Gao , Leong Hou U , Yushuai Li , Tianyi Li

Astrometric calibration is based on patterns of cataloged stars and therefore effectively assumes a particular epoch, which can be substantially incorrect for historical images. With the known proper motions of stars we can "run back the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jonathan T. Barron , David W. Hogg , Dustin Lang , Sam Roweis

We introduce and test several novel approaches for periodicity detection in unevenly-spaced sparse datasets. Specifically, we examine five different kinds of periodicity metrics, which are based on non-parametric measures of serial…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-07 Shay Zucker

A significant challenge in the study of transient astrophysical phenomena is the identification of bogus events, among which human-made satellites and debris in Earth orbit remain major contaminants. Existing pipelines effectively identify…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-14 J. P. Carvajal , F. E. Bauer , I. Reyes-Jainaga , F. Förster , A. M. Muñoz Arancibia , M. Catelan , P. Sánchez-Sáez , C. Ricci , A. Bayo

Understanding the dynamical evolution of asteroids through the secular Yarkovsky effect requires the determination of many physical properties, including the rotation period. We propose a method aimed at obtaining a robust determination of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-14 D. E. Vavilov , B. Carry

Detection of periodic patterns of interest within noisy time series data plays a critical role in various tasks, spanning from health monitoring to behavior analysis. Existing learning techniques often rely on labels or clean versions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Berken Utku Demirel , Christian Holz

We describe the reduction of data taken with the PACS instrument on board the Herschel Space Observatory in the Science Demonstration Phase of the Herschel-ATLAS (H-ATLAS) survey, specifically data obtained for a 4x4-deg^2 region using…

The VST Optical Imaging of the CDFS and ES1 Fields (VOICE) Survey, in synergy with the SUDARE survey, is a deep optical $ugri$ imaging of the CDFS and ES1 fields using the VLT Survey Telescope (VST). The observations for the CDFS field…

We show that various systematics related to certain instrumental effects and data reduction anomalies in wide field variability surveys can be efficiently corrected by a Trend Filtering Algorithm (TFA) applied to the photometric time series…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Kovacs , G. Bakos , R. W. Noyes

Anomaly Detection in multivariate time series is a major problem in many fields. Due to their nature, anomalies sparsely occur in real data, thus making the task of anomaly detection a challenging problem for classification algorithms to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Anastasios Iliopoulos , John Violos , Christos Diou , Iraklis Varlamis

The Zwicky Transient Facility is a time-domain optical survey that has substantially increased our ability to observe and construct massive catalogs of astronomical objects by use of its 47 square degree camera that can observe in multiple…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-21 Michael S. Medford , Peter Nugent , Danny Goldstein , Frank J. Masci , Igor Andreoni , Ron Beck , Michael W. Coughlin , Dmitry A. Duev , Ashish A. Mahabal , Reed L. Riddle

Space objects in Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) present significant detection challenges in optical imaging due to weak signals, complex stellar backgrounds, and environmental interference. In this paper, we enhance high-frequency features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Xiaoqing Lan , Biqiao Xin , Bingshu Wang , Han Zhang , Rui Zhu , Laixian Zhang

We consider the estimation of a common period for a set of functions sampled at irregular intervals. The problem arises in astronomy, where the functions represent a star's brightness observed over time through different photometric…

Applications · Statistics 2016-04-15 James P. Long , Eric C. Chi , Richard G. Baraniuk

The discovery of new objects in modern wide-field asteroid and comet surveys can be enhanced by first identifying observations belonging to known solar system objects. The assignation of new observations to a known object is an attribution…

New time-series analysis tools are needed in disciplines as diverse as astronomy, economics and meteorology. In particular, the increasing rate of data collection at multiple wavelengths requires new approaches able to handle these data.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-05 C. E. Ferreira Lopes , N. J. G. Cross , F. Jablonski

This paper addresses the problem of detecting time series outliers, focusing on systems with repetitive behavior, such as industrial robots operating on production lines.Notable challenges arise from the fact that a task performed multiple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Charlotte Lacoquelle , Xavier Pucel , Louise Travé-Massuyès , Axel Reymonet , Benoît Enaux

We consider the possibility that future wide-field time-domain optical imaging surveys may be able to discover gravitationally lensed quasar pairs through serendipitous measurements of their time delays. We discuss the merits such a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Bart Pindor

Anomaly detection in time-series has a wide range of practical applications. While numerous anomaly detection methods have been proposed in the literature, a recent survey concluded that no single method is the most accurate across various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Mononito Goswami , Cristian Challu , Laurent Callot , Lenon Minorics , Andrey Kan

We present a novel method for detecting outliers in astronomical time series based on the combination of a deep neural network and a k-nearest neighbor algorithm with the aim of identifying and removing problematic epochs in the light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-24 Stefano Cavuoti , Demetra De Cicco , Lars Doorenbos , Massimo Brescia , Olena Torbaniuk , Giuseppe Longo , Maurizio Paolillo