English
Related papers

Related papers: Feed-Forward Optimization With Delayed Feedback fo…

200 papers

The Forward-Forward algorithm is an alternative learning method which consists of two forward passes rather than a forward and backward pass employed by backpropagation. Forward-Forward networks employ layer local loss functions which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Reece Adamson

Training a neural network using backpropagation algorithm requires passing error gradients sequentially through the network. The backward locking prevents us from updating network layers in parallel and fully leveraging the computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Zhouyuan Huo , Bin Gu , Heng Huang

Spiking neural networks (SNN) are delivering energy-efficient, massively parallel, and low-latency solutions to AI problems, facilitated by the emerging neuromorphic chips. To harness these computational benefits, SNN need to be trained by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Guangzhi Tang , Neelesh Kumar , Ioannis Polykretis , Konstantinos P. Michmizos

The application of deep learning to the area of communications systems has been a growing field of interest in recent years. Forward-forward (FF) learning is an efficient alternative to the backpropagation (BP) algorithm, which is the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Daniel Seifert , Onur Günlü , Rafael F. Schaefer

The backpropagation algorithm is often debated for its biological plausibility. However, various learning methods for neural architecture have been proposed in search of more biologically plausible learning. Most of them have tried to solve…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Shashi Kant Gupta

Deep Learning's outstanding track record across several domains has stemmed from the use of error backpropagation (BP). Several studies, however, have shown that it is impossible to execute BP in a real brain. Also, BP still serves as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Swaroop Mishra , Anjana Arunkumar

Back-propagation with gradient method is the most popular learning algorithm for feed-forward neural networks. However, it is critical to determine a proper fixed learning rate for the algorithm. In this paper, an optimized recursive…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2011-08-10 Daohang Sha , Vladimir B. Bajic

The field of artificial intelligence faces significant challenges in achieving both biological plausibility and computational efficiency, particularly in visual learning tasks. Current artificial neural networks, such as convolutional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Jacobo Ruiz , Manas Gupta

Significant success has been reported recently using deep neural networks for classification. Such large networks can be computationally intensive, even after training is over. Implementing these trained networks in hardware chips with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-25 Daniel Soudry , Ron Meir

Physics-informed deep learning has emerged as a promising alternative for solving partial differential equations. However, for complex problems, training these networks can still be challenging, often resulting in unsatisfactory accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Wenqian Chen , Amanda A. Howard , Panos Stinis

The scaling hypothesis motivates the expansion of models past trillions of parameters as a path towards better performance. Recent significant developments, such as GPT-3, have been driven by this conjecture. However, as models scale-up,…

The rising computational and energy demands of deep neural networks (DNNs), driven largely by backpropagation (BP), challenge sustainable AI development. This paper rigorously investigates three BP-free training methods: the Forward-Forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Przemysław Spyra

Despite being the workhorse of deep learning, the backpropagation algorithm is no panacea. It enforces sequential layer updates, thus preventing efficient parallelization of the training process. Furthermore, its biological plausibility is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-18 Julien Launay , Iacopo Poli , François Boniface , Florent Krzakala

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired computational paradigm that emulates neuronal activity through discrete spike-based processing. Despite their advantages, training SNNs with traditional backpropagation (BP)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Mohammadnavid Ghader , Saeed Reza Kheradpisheh , Bahar Farahani , Mahmood Fazlali

Backpropagation (BP) is the standard algorithm for training the deep neural networks that power modern artificial intelligence including large language models. However, BP is energy inefficient and unlikely to be implemented by the brain.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Francesco Innocenti

Many embedded real-time control systems suffer from resource constraints and dynamic workload variations. Although optimal feedback scheduling schemes are in principle capable of maximizing the overall control performance of multitasking…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Feng Xia , Yu-Chu Tian , Youxian Sun , Jinxiang Dong

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has achieved great success in training deep neural network, where the gradient is computed through back-propagation. However, the back-propagated values of different layers vary dramatically. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-28 Huishuai Zhang , Wei Chen , Tie-Yan Liu

Direct training of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on neuromorphic hardware can greatly reduce energy costs compared to GPU-based training. However, implementing Backpropagation (BP) on such hardware is challenging because forward and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Gaspard Goupy , Pierre Tirilly , Ioan Marius Bilasco

Supervised learning in artificial neural networks typically relies on backpropagation, where the weights are updated based on the error-function gradients and sequentially propagated from the output layer to the input layer. Although this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Giorgia Dellaferrera , Gabriel Kreiman

Training deep neural networks typically relies on backpropagating high dimensional error signals a computationally intensive process with little evidence supporting its implementation in the brain. However, since most tasks involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Maher Hanut , Jonathan Kadmon