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The pursuit of artificial intelligence has long been associated to the the challenge of effectively measuring intelligence. Even if the Turing Test was introduced as a means of assessing a system intelligence, its relevance and application…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lavinia Hriscu , Alberto Sanfeliu , Anais Garrell

The rise of increasingly more powerful chatbots offers a new way to collect information through conversational surveys, where a chatbot asks open-ended questions, interprets a user's free-text responses, and probes answers whenever needed.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Ziang Xiao , Michelle X. Zhou , Q. Vera Liao , Gloria Mark , Changyan Chi , Wenxi Chen , Huahai Yang

AI chatbots are an emerging security attack vector, vulnerable to threats such as prompt injection, and rogue chatbot creation. When deployed in domains such as corporate security policy, they could be weaponized to deliver guidance that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Brandon Lit , Edward Crowder , Daniel Vogel , Hassan Khan

Interactive chat systems that build on artificial intelligence frameworks are increasingly ubiquitous and embedded into search engines, Web browsers, and operating systems, or are available on websites and apps. Researcher efforts have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Katherine M. FitzGerald , Michelle Riedlinger , Axel Bruns , Stephen Harrington , Timothy Graham , Daniel Angus

Artificial Intelligence (AI), with ChatGPT as a prominent example, has recently taken center stage in various domains including higher education, particularly in Computer Science and Engineering (CSE). The AI revolution brings both…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zhangying He , Thomas Nguyen , Tahereh Miari , Mehrdad Aliasgari , Setareh Rafatirad , Hossein Sayadi

Turing test was long considered the measure for artificial intelligence. But with the advances in AI, it has proved to be insufficient measure. We can now aim to mea- sure machine intelligence like we measure human intelligence. One of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Arindam Bhattacharya

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in the social sciences to simulate human behavior, based on the assumption that they can generate realistic, human-like text. Yet this assumption remains largely untested. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Nicolò Pagan , Petter Törnberg , Christopher A. Bail , Anikó Hannák , Christopher Barrie

In recent months, the social impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained considerable public interest, driven by the emergence of Generative AI models, ChatGPT in particular. The rapid development of these models has sparked heated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Maria T. Baldassarre , Danilo Caivano , Berenice Fernandez Nieto , Domenico Gigante , Azzurra Ragone

Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to understand human thinking and decision-making, an ability that plays a crucial role in social interaction between people, including linguistic communication. This paper investigates to what extent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Bart Holterman , Kees van Deemter

The capability of GenAI-based chatbots, such as ChatGPT and Gemini, has expanded quickly in recent years, turning them into GenAI Chatbot Ecosystems. Yet, users' understanding of how such ecosystems work remains unknown. In this paper, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Xingyi Wang , Xiaozheng Wang , Sunyup Park , Yaxing Yao

As chatbots are becoming increasingly popular, we often wonder what users perceive as natural and socially accepted manners of interacting with them. Some researchers maintain that humans should avoid engaging in emotional conversations…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Ekaterina Svikhnushina , Pearl Pu

There is a general concern that present developments in artificial intelligence (AI) research will lead to sentient AI systems, and these may pose an existential threat to humanity. But why cannot sentient AI systems benefit humanity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Parashar Das

Massive pre-trained language models have garnered attention and controversy due to their ability to generate human-like responses: attention due to their frequent indistinguishability from human-generated phraseology and narratives, and…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-05-23 Gerd Kortemeyer

ChatGPT is a powerful language model from OpenAI that is arguably able to comprehend and generate text. ChatGPT is expected to have a large impact on society, research, and education. An essential step to understand ChatGPT's expected…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Lukas Schulze Balhorn , Jana M. Weber , Stefan Buijsman , Julian R. Hildebrandt , Martina Ziefle , Artur M. Schweidtmann

Generative AI models continue to become more powerful. The launch of ChatGPT in November 2022 has ushered in a new era of AI. ChatGPT and other similar chatbots have a range of capabilities, from answering student homework questions to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Yanchen Wang , Lisa Singh

Could an AI have conscious experiences? Any answer to this question should conform to Evidentialism - that is, it should be based not on intuition, dogma or speculation but on solid scientific evidence. I argue that such evidence is hard to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Tom McClelland

This study explores how college students interact with generative AI (ChatGPT-4) during educational quizzes, focusing on reliance and predictors of AI adoption. Conducted at the early stages of ChatGPT implementation, when students had…

In the rapidly evolving domain of artificial intelligence, chatbots have emerged as a potent tool for various applications ranging from e-commerce to healthcare. This research delves into the intricacies of chatbot technology, from its…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Feriel Khennouche , Youssef Elmir , Nabil Djebari , Yassine Himeur , Abbes Amira

ChatGPT has changed the AI community and an active research line is the performance evaluation of ChatGPT. A key challenge for the evaluation is that ChatGPT is still closed-source and traditional benchmark datasets may have been used by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Ming Liu , Ran Liu , Ye Zhu , Hua Wang , Youyang Qu , Rongsheng Li , Yongpan Sheng , Wray Buntine

We approach the question "What is Consciousness?" in a new way, not as Descartes' "systematic doubt", but as how organisms find their way in their world. Finding one's way involves finding possible uses of features of the world that might…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-30 Stuart A. Kauffman , Andrea Roli