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Electrically controllable non-volatile magnetic memories show great potential for the replacement of semiconductor-based technologies. Recently there has been strong interest in spin-orbit torque (SOT) induced magnetization reversal due to…

Recently, unconventional spin-orbit torques (SOTs) with tunable spin generation open new pathways for designing novel magnetization control for cutting-edge spintronics innovations. A leading research thrust is to develop field-free…

Magnetization switching by spin-orbit torque (SOT) via spin Hall effect represents as a competitive alternative to that by spin-transfer torque (STT) used for magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), as it does not require high-density…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-02-19 Yang Liu , Bing Zhou , Jian-Gang Zhu

Electrical manipulation of magnetization is essential for integration of magnetic functionalities such as magnetic memories and magnetic logic devices into electronic circuits. The current induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) in heavy…

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) enables ultra-fast, energy-efficient magnetization switching, making it a promising mechanism for introducing MRAMs for cache memory applications. However, current SOT-MRAM devices face write efficiency limitations,…

Accurate quantification of the spin-orbit torques (SOTs) is critical for the identification and applications of new spin-orbitronic effects. One of the most popular techniques to qualify the SOTs is the switching angle shift, where the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Xiaomiao Yin , Guanglei Han , Guowen Gong , Jun Kang , Changmin Xiong , Lijun Zhu

Flexible control of magnetization switching by electrical manners is crucial for applications of spin-orbitronics. Besides of a switching current that is parallel to an applied field, a bias current that is normal to the switching current…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-11-30 X. Zhang , C. H. Wan , Z. H. Yuan , Q. T. Zhang , H. Wu , L. Huang , W. J. Kong , C. Fang , U. Khan , X. F. Han

We report the control of vertical magnetization shift (VMS) and exchange bias through spin-orbit torque (SOT) in Pt/Co/Ir25Mn75/Co heterostructure device. The exchange bias accompanying with a large relative VMS of about 30 % is observed…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-02-26 Z. P. Zhou , X. H. Liu , K. Y. Wang

Deterministic current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching of magnetization in a heavy transition metal/ferromagnetic metal/oxide magnetic heterostructure with the ferromagnetic layer being perpendicularly-magnetized typically requires…

The recent emergence of magnetic van der Waals materials allows for the investigation of current induced magnetization manipulation in two dimensional materials. Uniquely, Fe3GeTe2 has a crystalline structure that allows for the presence of…

We develop a theory for spin transport and magnetization dynamics in a quantum-dot spin valve, i.e., two magnetic reservoirs coupled to a quantum dot. Our theory is able to take into account effects of strong correlations. We demonstrate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 N. M. Gergs , S. A. Bender , R. A. Duine , D. Schuricht

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) has emerged as a promising method for achieving energy-efficient magnetization switching in advanced spintronic devices. However, technological advancement has been inadequate because an external…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-23 Badsha Sekh , Hasibur Rahaman , Ramu Maddu , Pinkesh Kumar Mishra , Tianli Jin , S. N. Piramanayagam

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is a promising switching mechanism for magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) as a result of the potential for improved switching speed and energy-efficiency. It is of particular interest to develop an SOT-MRAM device…

For energy efficient and fast magnetic memories, switching of perpendicular magnetization by the spin-orbit torque (SOT) appears as a very promising solution, even more using magnetic insulators that suppress electrical shunting. This SOT…

The discovery of magnetism in van der Waals (vdW) materials has established unique building blocks for the research of emergent spintronic phenomena. In particular, owing to their intrinsically clean surface without dangling bonds, the vdW…

While early magnetic memory designs relied on magnetization switching by locally generated magnetic fields, key insights in condensed matter physics later suggested the possibility to do it electrically. In the 1990s, Slonczewzki and Berger…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Albert Fert , Ramamoorthy Ramesh , Vincent Garcia , Fèlix Casanova , Manuel Bibes

The ability to switch magnetic elements by spin-orbit-induced torques has recently attracted much attention for a path towards high-performance, non-volatile memories with low power consumption. Realizing efficient spin-orbit-based…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-01 Shiheng Liang , Shuyuan Shi , Chuang-Han Hsu , Kaiming Cai , Yi Wang , Pan He , Yang Wu , Vitor M. Pereira , Hyunsoo Yang

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) based magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is envisioned as an emerging non-volatile memory due to its ultra-high speed and low power consumption. The field-free switching schema in SOT devices is of great interest…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 Min Wang , Zhaohao Wang , Chao Wang , Weisheng Zhao

Since the discovery of the spin orbit torque (SOT) induced by spin Hall effect in heavy metals, much effort has been devoted to understanding the mechanism of the charge-to-spin conversion as well as to developing new schemes for high…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-15 Shengjie Shi , R. A. Buhrman

Energy-efficient fast switching of spin orientations or textures is a core issue of spintronics, which is highly demanded but remains challenging. Different from the mainstream routes based on spin-transfer torque or spin-orbit torque, here…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-14 Zhong Shen , Jun Chen , Xiaoyan Yao , Shuai Dong