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Automated program repair (APR) is designed to automate the process of bug-fixing. In recent years, thanks to the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), automated repair has achieved remarkable progress. Advanced APR techniques…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Aolin Chen , Haojun Wu , Qi Xin , Steven P. Reiss , Jifeng Xuan

Background: Over the years, Automated Program Repair (APR) has attracted much attention from both academia and industry since it can reduce the costs in fixing bugs. However, how to assess the patch correctness remains to be an open…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Shangwen Wang , Ming Wen , Liqian Chen , Xin Yi , Xiaoguang Mao

Due to the promising future of Automated Program Repair (APR), researchers have proposed various APR techniques, including heuristic-based, template-based, and constraint-based techniques. Among such classic APR techniques, template-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Lingming Zhang

Automated program repair (APR) attempts to generate correct patches and has drawn wide attention from both academia and industry in the past decades. However, APR is continuously struggling with the patch overfitting issue due to the weak…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Quanjun Zhang , Haichuan Hu , Chunrong Fang , Ye Shang , Tao Zheng , Zhenyu Chen , Yun Yang , Liang Xiao

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to help developers automatically patch software bugs. However, current state-of-the-art traditional and learning-based APR techniques face the problem of limited patch variety, failing to fix complicated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Yuxiang Wei , Lingming Zhang

This work is motivated by the pervasive use of method invocations in object-oriented (OO) programs, and indeed their prevalence in patches of OO-program bugs. We propose a generate-and-validate repair technique, called ELIXIR designed to be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Ripon K. Saha , Yingjun Lyu , Hiroaki Yoshida , Mukul R. Prasad

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential for automated program repair (APR). However, existing LLM-based techniques primarily rely on coarse-grained external feedback (e.g.,test results) to guide iterative…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jiaolong Kong , Xiaofei Xie , Yiheng Xiong , Yuekun Wang , Jian Wang

Automated Program Repair (APR) has benefited from the code understanding and generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing feedback-based APR methods iteratively refine candidate patches using test execution feedback and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Linhao Wu , Yifei Pei , Zhen Yang , Kainan Li , Zhonghang Lu , Hao Tan , Xiran Lyu , Jia Li , Yizhou Chen , Pengyu Xue , Kunwu Zheng , Dan Hao

In the research of automated program repair (APR), benchmark datasets consisting of known defects in combination with test suites that indicate the defects are of high importance. They allow for an evidence-based comparison of different APR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Adam Krafczyk , Klaus Schmid

With the rapid development and large-scale popularity of program software, modern society increasingly relies on software systems. However, the problems exposed by software have also come to the fore. Software defect has become an important…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Kai Huang , Zhengzi Xu , Su Yang , Hongyu Sun , Xuejun Li , Zheng Yan , Yuqing Zhang

Automatic program repair (APR) aims to reduce the cost of manually fixing software defects. However, APR suffers from generating a multitude of overfitting patches, those patches that fail to correctly repair the defect beyond making the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-09 He Ye , Jian Gu , Matias Martinez , Thomas Durieux , Martin Monperrus

Correcting bugs using modern Automated Program Repair (APR) can be both time-consuming and resource-expensive. We describe a program repair approach that aims to improve the scalability of modern APR tools. The approach leverages program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Linas Vidziunas , David Binkley , Leon Moonen

Software debugging is tedious, time-consuming, and even error-prone by itself. So, various automated debugging techniques have been proposed in the literature to facilitate the debugging process. Automated Program Repair (APR) is one of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Ali Ghanbari , Lingming Zhang

Automated program repair (APR) techniques are effective in fixing inevitable defects in software, enhancing development efficiency and software robustness. However, due to the difficulty of generating precise specifications, existing APR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xu He , Shu Wang , Kun Sun

Previous studies have shown that Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques suffer from the overfitting problem. Overfitting happens when a patch is run and the test suite does not reveal any error, but the patch actually does not fix the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Matias Martinez , Maria Kechagia , Anjana Perera , Justyna Petke , Federica Sarro , Aldeida Aleti

Recent empirical studies show that the performance of GenProg is not satisfactory, particularly for Java. In this paper, we propose ARJA, a new GP based repair approach for automated repair of Java programs. To be specific, we present a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Yuan Yuan , Wolfgang Banzhaf

Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques typically rely on a given test-suite to guide the repair process. Apart from the need to provide test oracles, this makes the produced patches prone to test data over-fitting. In this work, instead…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yuntong Zhang , Andreea Costea , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Davin McCall , Abhik Roychoudhury

Research shows that errors in natural language can be corrected by translating texts to another language and back using language models. We explore to what extent this latent correction capability extends to Automated Program Repair (APR)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Fernando Vallecillos Ruiz , Anastasiia Grishina , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

Automated Program Repair (APR) agents leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously diagnose and fix software bugs through reasoning, planning, and tool use. Despite impressive leaderboard gains on benchmarks such as SWE-bench,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ira Ceka , Hailie Mitchell , Saurabh Pujar , Luca Buratti , Shyam Ramji , Junfeng Yang , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Modern automated program repair (APR) is well-tuned to finding and repairing bugs that introduce observable erroneous behavior to a program. However, a significant class of bugs does not lead to such observable behavior (e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Leon Moonen