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Data protection regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) in the US affect how software may handle the personal data of its users. Prior literature…
Modern privacy regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), address privacy in software systems in a technologically agnostic way by mentioning general "technical measures" for data privacy compliance rather than…
The proposed European Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) is the first attempt to elaborate a general legal framework for AI carried out by any major global economy. As such, the AIA is likely to become a point of reference in the larger…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) faces growing challenges from evolving data protection laws and enforcement practices worldwide. Regulations like GDPR and CCPA impose strict compliance requirements on Machine Learning (ML) models, especially…
In recent years, our society is being plagued by unprecedented levels of privacy and security breaches. To rein in this trend, the European Union, in 2018, introduced a comprehensive legislation called the General Data Protection Regulation…
Artificial intelligence is not only increasingly used in business and administration contexts, but a race for its regulation is also underway, with the EU spearheading the efforts. Contrary to existing literature, this article suggests,…
In today's digital society, issues related to digital privacy have become increasingly important. Issues such as data breaches result in misuse of data, financial loss, and cyberbullying, which leads to less user trust in digital services.…
Privacy measurement instruments (e.g., CFIP, IUIPC, PAQ) predate GDPR by over a decade and measure privacy concerns, distinct from preferences for regulatory protections (e.g., data portability, erasure, automated decision-making rights).…
In the international development community, the term "digital public goods" is used to describe open-source digital products (e.g., software, datasets) that aim to address the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals. DPGs are…
On January 1, 2020, California passed the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) by more than 56% of voters intended to enhance privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California, United States. Since then, more conditions…
We present the results of a study done in order to validate concepts and methods that have been introduced in (Johansen and Fischer-Hubner, 2020. "Making GDPR Usable: A Model to Support Usability Evaluations of Privacy." in IFIP AICT 576,…
In August 2024, the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) came into force, marking the world's first large-scale regulatory framework for AI. Central to the AIA is a risk-based approach, aligning regulatory obligations with the potential…
Different approaches have been adopted in addressing the challenges of Artificial Intelligence (AI), some centred on personal data and others on ethics, respectively narrowing and broadening the scope of AI regulation. This contribution…
The emergence of big data, AI and machine learning has allowed sellers and online platforms to tailor pricing for customers in real-time. While online algorithmic pricing can increase efficiency, market welfare, and optimize pricing…
The creation and maintenance of a Register of Processing Activities (ROPA) is an essential process for the demonstration of GDPR compliance. We analyse ROPA templates from six EU Data Protection Regulators and show that template scope and…
Technological advancements allow biometric applications to be more omnipresent than in any other time before. This paper argues that in the current EU data protection regulation, classification applications using biometric data receive less…
In the evolving landscape of AI regulation, it is crucial for companies to conduct impact assessments and document their compliance through comprehensive reports. However, current reports lack grounding in regulations and often focus on…
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) grants all natural persons the right of access to their personal data if this is being processed by data controllers. The data controllers are obliged to share the data in an electronic format…
Privacy is a key challenge for continued digitalization of health. The forthcoming European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is transforming this challenge into regulatory directives. User consent provisioning and coordinating…
Collecting personally identifiable information (PII) on data subjects has become big business. Data brokers and data processors are part of a multi-billion-dollar industry that profits from collecting, buying, and selling consumer data. Yet…