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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have advanced existing medical systems for automatic disease diagnosis. However, there are still concerns about the reliability of deep medical diagnosis systems against the potential threats of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Omid Nejati Manzari , Hamid Ahmadabadi , Hossein Kashiani , Shahriar B. Shokouhi , Ahmad Ayatollahi

Chest X-rays (X-ray images) have been proven to be effective for the diagnosis of chest diseases, including Pneumonia, Lung Opacity, and COVID-19. However, relying on traditional medical methods for diagnosis from X-ray images is prone to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-01 Omar Hesham Khater , Abdullahi Sani Shuaib , Sami Ul Haq , Abdul Jabbar Siddiqui

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have reigned for a decade as the de facto approach to automated medical image diagnosis. Recently, vision transformers (ViTs) have appeared as a competitive alternative to CNNs, yielding similar levels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Christos Matsoukas , Johan Fredin Haslum , Magnus Söderberg , Kevin Smith

The integration of deep learning based systems in clinical practice is often impeded by challenges rooted in limited and heterogeneous medical datasets. In addition, the field has increasingly prioritized marginal performance gains on a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Sebastian Doerrich , Francesco Di Salvo , Julius Brockmann , Christian Ledig

As deep learning models increasingly find applications in critical domains such as medical imaging, the need for transparent and trustworthy decision-making becomes paramount. Many explainability methods provide insights into how these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Piotr Komorowski , Hubert Baniecki , Przemysław Biecek

In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have dominated and achieved state-of-the-art performances in a variety of medical imaging applications. However, the performances of ConvNets are still limited by lacking the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Junyu Chen , Yufan He , Eric C. Frey , Ye Li , Yong Du

Our review explores the comparative analysis between Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs) in the domain of image classification, with a particular focus on clothing classification within the e-commerce sector.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Sonia Bbouzidi , Ghazala Hcini , Imen Jdey , Fadoua Drira

Vision transformers have been successfully applied to image recognition tasks due to their ability to capture long-range dependencies within an image. However, there are still gaps in both performance and computational cost between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Jianyuan Guo , Kai Han , Han Wu , Yehui Tang , Xinghao Chen , Yunhe Wang , Chang Xu

Vision-transformers (ViTs) and large-scale convolution-neural-networks (CNNs) have reshaped computer vision through pretrained feature representations that enable strong transfer learning for diverse tasks. However, their efficiency as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Alon Kaya , Igal Bilik , Inna Stainvas

Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) showed remarkable results in many vision tasks, they are still strained by simple yet challenging visual reasoning problems. Inspired by the recent success of the Transformer network in computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Nicola Messina , Giuseppe Amato , Fabio Carrara , Claudio Gennaro , Fabrizio Falchi

Vision Transformer (ViT) has shown its advantages over the convolutional neural network (CNN) with its ability to capture global long-range dependencies for visual representation learning. Besides ViT, contrastive learning is another…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Hua-Bao Ling , Bowen Zhu , Dong Huang , Ding-Hua Chen , Chang-Dong Wang , Jian-Huang Lai

The synergy of long-range dependencies from transformers and local representations of image content from convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has led to advanced architectures and increased performance for various medical image analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yiqing Shen , Pengfei Guo , Jingpu Wu , Qianqi Huang , Nhat Le , Jinyuan Zhou , Shanshan Jiang , Mathias Unberath

Breast cancer is still the second top cause of cancer deaths worldwide and this emphasizes the importance of necessary steps for early detection. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as mammography, ultrasound, and thermography, which have…

Early detection and classifying brain tumors using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images is highly important but difficult to extract in medical images. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are good at capturing both local texture and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Syed Ibad Hasnain , Muhammad Faris , Hafiza Syeda Yusra Tirmizi , Rabail Khowaja , Hafsa Israr

Medical image analysis using computer-based algorithms has attracted considerable attention from the research community and achieved tremendous progress in the last decade. With recent advances in computing resources and availability of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-03 Huyen Tran , Duc Thanh Nguyen , John Yearwood

Deep models based on vision transformer (ViT) and convolutional neural network (CNN) have demonstrated remarkable performance on natural datasets. However, these models may not be similar in medical imaging, where abnormal regions cover…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ahmad Chaddad , Yihang Wu , Xianrui Chen

Breast cancer detection through mammography interpretation remains difficult because of the minimal nature of abnormalities that experts need to identify alongside the variable interpretations between readers. The potential of CNNs for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-11 Ojonugwa Oluwafemi Ejiga Peter , Daniel Emakporuena , Bamidele Dayo Tunde , Maryam Abdulkarim , Abdullahi Bn Umar

The automatic diagnosis of chest diseases is a popular and challenging task. Most current methods are based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which focus on local features while neglecting global features. Recently, self-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Xinran Li , Yu Liu , Xiujuan Xu , Xiaowei Zhao

In this work for Capsule Vision Challenge 2024, we addressed the challenge of multiclass anomaly classification in video capsule Endoscopy (VCE)[1] with a variety of deep learning models, ranging from custom CNNs to advanced transformer…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Dev Rishi Verma , Vibhor Saxena , Dhruv Sharma , Arpan Gupta

Manual Pap smear analysis for cervical cancer screening is limited by inter-observer variability, time constraints, and restricted expert availability. Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have automated cervical cell…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nisreen Albzour , Sarah S. Lam