Related papers: Collatz Dynamics is Partitioned by Residue Class R…
The scope of the present work is to explain why it is true that all N have a distinct position in The Collatz Tree (The Collatz Graph)
Landauer's Principle that information loss from a computation implies entropy increase can be rigorously proved from mathematical physics. However, carefully examining its detailed formulation reveals that the traditional identification of…
In this paper, we give a conjecture, which generalises Euler's partition theorem involving odd parts and different parts for all moduli. We prove this conjecture for two family partitions. We give $q$-difference equations for the related…
Let an odd integer \(\mathcal{X}\) be expressed as $\left\{\sum\limits_{M > m}b_M2^M\right\}+2^m-1,$ where $b_M\in\{0,1\}$ and $2^m-1$ is referred to as the Governor. In Collatz-type functions, a high index Governor is eventually reduced to…
In this paper, we show that if the numbers in the range $[1,2^n]$ satisfy Collatz conjecture, then almost all integers in the range $[2^n+1,2^{n+1}]$ will satisfy the conjecture as $n \to \infty$. The previous statement is equivalent to…
Within the program of finding axiomatizations for various parts of computability logic, it was proved earlier that the logic of interactive Turing reduction is exactly the implicative fragment of Heyting's intuitionistic calculus. That sort…
When an algebraic logic based on a poset instead of a lattice is investigated then there is a natural problem how to introduce the connective implication to be everywhere defined and satisfying (left) adjointness with the connective…
Effective field theories endowed with a nontrivial moduli space may be broken down by several, distinct effects as the energy scales that are probed increase. These may include the appearance of a finite number of new states, or the…
A partition of a positive integer $n$ is a representation of $n$ as a sum of a finite number of positive integers (called parts). A trapezoidal number is a positive integer that has a partition whose parts are a decreasing sequence of…
We study the problem of chasing positive bodies in $\ell_1$: given a sequence of bodies $K_{t}=\{x^{t}\in\mathbb{R}_{+}^{n}\mid C^{t}x^{t}\geq 1,P^{t}x^{t}\leq 1\}$ revealed online, where $C^{t}$ and $P^{t}$ are nonnegative matrices, the…
We expand the set of initial states of a system and its environment that are known to guarantee completely positive reduced dynamics for the system when the combined state evolves unitarily. We characterize the correlations in the initial…
In studying the structure of derived categories of module categories of group algebras or their blocks, it is fundamental to classify support $\tau$-tilting modules. Koshio and Kozakai showed that the structure of support $\tau$-tilting…
Optimizing problems in a distributed manner is critical for systems involving multiple agents with private data. Despite substantial interest, a unified method for analyzing the convergence rates of distributed optimization algorithms is…
This paper focuses on a wide class of Collatz-type arithmetic dynamics, and presents a systematic derivation of recursive formulas and functional equations satisfied by the associated generating functions. The main tools belong to complex…
In order to generate prime implicants for a given cube (minterm), most of minimization methods increase the dimension of this cube by removing one literal from it at a time. But there are two problems of exponential complexity. One of them…
By double ideal quotient, we mean $(I:(I:J))$ where ideals $I$ and $J$. In our previous work [11], double ideal quotient and its variants are shown to be very useful for checking prime divisor and generating primary component. Combining…
If $\gcd(r,t)=1$, then a theorem of Alladi offers the M\"obius sum identity $$-\sum_{\substack{ n \geq 2 \\ p_{\rm{min}}(n) \equiv r \pmod{t}}} \mu(n)n^{-1}= \frac{1}{\varphi(t)}. $$ Here $p_{\rm{min}}(n)$ is the smallest prime divisor of…
In this paper, we introduce and develop the theory of the Collatz process and the method of dynamical balls. We leverage this theory to study the Collatz conjecture. This theory also has a subtle connection with the infamous problem of the…
We introduce a very natural generalization of the well-known problem of simultaneous congruences. Instead of searching for a positive integer $s$ that is specified by $n$ fixed remainders modulo integer divisors $a_1,\dots,a_n$ we consider…
Sylvester showed that the partition of an integer into a set of positive integers can be represented as a sum of the polynomial term and quasiperiodic components called the Sylvester waves. The wave itself is a weighted sum of the…