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Models trained on large unlabeled corpora of human interactions will learn patterns and mimic behaviors therein, which include offensive or otherwise toxic behavior and unwanted biases. We investigate a variety of methods to mitigate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Jing Xu , Da Ju , Margaret Li , Y-Lan Boureau , Jason Weston , Emily Dinan

While large neural-based conversational models have become increasingly proficient dialogue agents, recent work has highlighted safety issues with these systems. For example, these systems can be goaded into generating toxic content, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Nicholas Meade , Spandana Gella , Devamanyu Hazarika , Prakhar Gupta , Di Jin , Siva Reddy , Yang Liu , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

State-of-the-art conversational AI systems raise concerns due to their potential risks of generating unsafe, toxic, unethical, or dangerous content. Previous works have developed datasets to teach conversational agents the appropriate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Souvik Das , Rohini K. Srihari

Language model developers typically filter out high-risk content -- such as toxic or copyrighted text -- from their pre-training data to prevent models from generating similar outputs. However, removing such data altogether limits models'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ryan Wang , Matthew Finlayson , Luca Soldaini , Swabha Swayamdipta , Robin Jia

Neural dialogue response generation has gained much popularity in recent years. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) objective is widely adopted in existing dialogue model learning. However, models trained with MLE objective function are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Hengyi Cai , Hongshen Chen , Yonghao Song , Zhuoye Ding , Yongjun Bao , Weipeng Yan , Xiaofang Zhao

Although deep learning models have brought tremendous advancements to the field of open-domain dialogue response generation, recent research results have revealed that the trained models have undesirable generation behaviors, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Tianxing He , James Glass

Dialogue systems play an increasingly important role in various aspects of our daily life. It is evident from recent research that dialogue systems trained on human conversation data are biased. In particular, they can produce responses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Haochen Liu , Wentao Wang , Yiqi Wang , Hui Liu , Zitao Liu , Jiliang Tang

Safety alignment is a key requirement for building reliable Artificial General Intelligence. Despite significant advances in safety alignment, we observe that minor latent shifts can still trigger unsafe responses in aligned models. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tianle Gu , Kexin Huang , Zongqi Wang , Yixu Wang , Jie Li , Yuanqi Yao , Yang Yao , Yujiu Yang , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang

In this paper, we propose Inverse Adversarial Training (IAT) algorithm for training neural dialogue systems to avoid generic responses and model dialogue history better. In contrast to standard adversarial training algorithms, IAT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Wangchunshu Zhou , Qifei Li , Chenle Li

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings, the risk of generating harmful or toxic content remains a central challenge. Post-hoc alignment methods are brittle: once unsafe patterns are learned during…

With the ability to generate high-quality images, text-to-image (T2I) models can be exploited for creating inappropriate content. To prevent misuse, existing safety measures are either based on text blacklists, which can be easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Runtao Liu , Ashkan Khakzar , Jindong Gu , Qifeng Chen , Philip Torr , Fabio Pizzati

As the functionality of dialogue systems evolves, hybrid dialogue systems that accomplish user-specific goals and participate in open-topic chitchat with users are attracting growing attention. Existing research learns both tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Shimin Li , Qinyuan Cheng , Linyang Li , Xipeng Qiu

Text generation has a fundamental limitation almost by definition: there is no taking back tokens that have been generated, even when they are clearly problematic. In the context of language model safety, when a partial unsafe generation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Yiming Zhang , Jianfeng Chi , Hailey Nguyen , Kartikeya Upasani , Daniel M. Bikel , Jason Weston , Eric Michael Smith

It has always been an important yet challenging problem to control language models to avoid generating texts with undesirable attributes, such as toxic language and unnatural repetition. We introduce Click for controllable text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Chujie Zheng , Pei Ke , Zheng Zhang , Minlie Huang

Recently, contrastive learning attracts increasing interests in neural text generation as a new solution to alleviate the exposure bias problem. It introduces a sequence-level training signal which is crucial to generation tasks that always…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Chenxin An , Jiangtao Feng , Kai Lv , Lingpeng Kong , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

Generative AI, including large language models (LLMs) have the potential -- and already are being used -- to increase the speed, scale, and types of unsafe conversations online. LLMs lower the barrier for entry for bad actors to create…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Owen Hoffman , Kangze Peng , Zehua You , Sajid Kamal , Sukrit Venkatagiri

Retrieval-based chatbot selects the appropriate response from candidates according to the context, which heavily depends on a response selection module. A response selection module is generally a scoring model to evaluate candidates and is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Yao Qiu , Jinchao Zhang , Huiying Ren , Jie Zhou

Caution: This paper includes offensive words that could potentially cause unpleasantness. The fast-paced evolution of generative language models such as GPT-4 has demonstrated outstanding results in various NLP generation tasks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Heegyu Kim , Hyunsouk Cho

Generative language models (LMs) offer numerous advantages but may produce inappropriate or harmful outputs due to the harmful knowledge acquired during pre-training. This knowledge often manifests as undesirable correspondences, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Guitao Chen , Yunshen Wang , Hongye Sun , Guang Chen

Generative dialogue models suffer badly from the generic response problem, limiting their applications to a few toy scenarios. Recently, an interesting approach, namely negative training, has been proposed to alleviate this problem by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Yiwei Li , Shaoxiong Feng , Bin Sun , Kan Li
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