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Microarchitectural timing channels enable unwanted information flow across security boundaries, violating fundamental security assumptions. They leverage timing variations of several state-holding microarchitectural components and have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Nils Wistoff , Moritz Schneider , Frank K. Gürkaynak , Gernot Heiser , Luca Benini

Analogously to classical computers, quantum processors exhibit side channels that may give attackers access to potentially proprietary algorithms. We identify and exploit a previously unexplored side channel in trapped-ion quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Giorgio Grigolo , Dorian Schiffer , Lukas Gerster , Martin Ringbauer , Paul Erker

Timing-based side and covert channels in processor caches continue to be a threat to modern computers. This work shows for the first time a systematic, large-scale analysis of Arm devices and the detailed results of attacks the processors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Shuwen Deng , Nikolay Matyunin , Wenjie Xiong , Stefan Katzenbeisser , Jakub Szefer

The massive trend toward embedded systems introduces new security threats to prevent. Malicious firmware makes it easier to launch cyberattacks against embedded systems. Systems infected with malicious firmware maintain the appearance of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Md Sadik Awal , Christopher Thompson , Md Tauhidur Rahman

Constant-time programming is a widely deployed approach to harden cryptographic programs against side channel attacks. However, modern processors often violate the underlying assumptions of standard constant-time policies by transiently…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Ali Hajiabadi , Trevor E. Carlson

Microarchitectural timing channels exploit information leakage between security domains that should be isolated, bypassing the operating system's security boundaries. These channels result from contention for shared microarchitectural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Nils Wistoff , Gernot Heiser , Luca Benini

In this paper, we uncover a new off-path TCP hijacking attack that can be used to terminate victim TCP connections or inject forged data into victim TCP connections by manipulating the new mixed IPID assignment method, which is widely used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Xuewei Feng , Chuanpu Fu , Qi Li , Kun Sun , Ke Xu

To improve efficiency, nearly all parallel processing units (CPUs and GPUs) implement relaxed memory models in which memory operations may be re-ordered, i.e., executed out-of-order. Prior testing work in this area found that memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Sean Siddens , Sanya Srivastava , Reese Levine , Josiah Dykstra , Tyler Sorensen

Side-channel attacks allow to extract sensitive information from cryptographic primitives by correlating the partially known computed data and the measured side-channel signal. Starting from the raw side-channel trace, the preprocessing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Davide Galli , Giuseppe Chiari , Davide Zoni

Leaking information about the execution behavior of critical real-time tasks may lead to serious consequences, including violations of temporal constraints and even severe failures. We study information leakage for a special class of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mohammad Fakhruddin Babar , Zain A. H. Hammadeh , Mohammad Hamad , Monowar Hasan

Leakage contracts have recently been proposed as a new security abstraction at the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) level. Such contracts aim to faithfully capture the information processors may leak through side effects of their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Zilong Wang , Gideon Mohr , Klaus von Gleissenthall , Jan Reineke , Marco Guarnieri

In this paper we analyse the impact of different compile options on the success rate of side-channel analysis attacks. We run horizontal differential side-channel attacks against simulated power traces for the same $kP$ design synthesized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Ievgen Kabin , Zoya Dyka , Dan Klann , Peter Langendoerfer

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have been proposed as a solution to protect code confidentiality in scenarios where computation is outsourced to an untrusted operator. We study the resilience of such solutions to side-channel attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Ivan Puddu , Moritz Schneider , Daniele Lain , Stefano Boschetto , Srdjan Čapkun

Quantum circuit cutting enables near-term quantum devices to execute workloads exceeding their qubit capacity by decomposing circuits into independently runnable fragments. While this extends computational reach, it creates a previously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Samuel Punch , Krishnendu Guha , Utz Roedig

Detecting weaknesses in cryptographic algorithms is of utmost importance for designing secure information systems. The state-of-the-art soft analytical side-channel attack (SASCA) uses physical leakage information to make probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Thomas Wedenig , Rishub Nagpal , Gaëtan Cassiers , Stefan Mangard , Robert Peharz

Transformers have become the backbone of many Machine Learning (ML) applications, including language translation, summarization, and computer vision. As these models are increasingly deployed in shared Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Arunava Chaudhuri , Shubhi Shukla , Sarani Bhattacharya , Debdeep Mukhopadhyay

An extensive line of work on modern computing architectures has shown that the execution time of instructions can (i) depend on the operand of the instruction or (ii) be influenced by system optimizations, e.g., branch prediction and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Annika Wilde , Samira Briongos , Claudio Soriente , Ghassan Karame

CPUs provide isolation mechanisms like virtualization and privilege levels to protect software. Yet these focus on architectural isolation while typically overlooking microarchitectural side channels, exemplified by Meltdown and Foreshadow.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Oleksii Oleksenko , Flavien Solt , Cédric Fournet , Jana Hofmann , Boris Köpf , Stavros Volos

Side-channel attacks are important security challenges as they reveal sensitive information about on-chip activities. Among such attacks, the thermal side-channel has been shown to disclose the activities of key functional blocks and even…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Dylan Stow , Russell Barnes , Eren Kurshan , Yuan Xie

High-speed interconnects, such as NVLink, are integral to modern multi-GPU systems, acting as a vital link between CPUs and GPUs. This study highlights the vulnerability of multi-GPU systems to covert and side channel attacks due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Yicheng Zhang , Ravan Nazaraliyev , Sankha Baran Dutta , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh , Andres Marquez , Kevin Barker