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Current state-of-the-art generative models map noise to data distributions by matching flows or scores. A key limitation of these models is their inability to readily integrate available partial observations and additional priors. In…

We propose Energy-based generator matching (EGM), a modality-agnostic approach to train generative models from energy functions in the absence of data. Extending the recently proposed generator matching, EGM enables training of arbitrary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Dongyeop Woo , Minsu Kim , Minkyu Kim , Kiyoung Seong , Sungsoo Ahn

Diffusion models have shown incredible capabilities as generative models; indeed, they power the current state-of-the-art models on text-conditioned image generation such as Imagen and DALL-E 2. In this work we review, demystify, and unify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Calvin Luo

This work presents strategies to learn an Energy-Based Model (EBM) according to the desired length of its MCMC sampling trajectories. MCMC trajectories of different lengths correspond to models with different purposes. Our experiments cover…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-25 Mitch Hill , Jonathan Mitchell , Chu Chen , Yuan Du , Mubarak Shah , Song-Chun Zhu

Despite the remarkable generation capabilities of Diffusion Models (DMs), conducting training and inference remains computationally expensive. Previous works have been devoted to accelerating diffusion sampling, but achieving data-efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Yize Li , Yihua Zhang , Sijia Liu , Xue Lin

Recently there has been a lot of interest in non-autoregressive (non-AR) models for speech synthesis, such as FastSpeech 2 and diffusion models. Unlike AR models, these models do not have autoregressive dependencies among outputs which…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Wanli Sun , Zehai Tu , Anton Ragni

Conventional saliency prediction models typically learn a deterministic mapping from an image to its saliency map, and thus fail to explain the subjective nature of human attention. In this paper, to model the uncertainty of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Jing Zhang , Jianwen Xie , Zilong Zheng , Nick Barnes

This paper proposes a joint training method to learn both the variational auto-encoder (VAE) and the latent energy-based model (EBM). The joint training of VAE and latent EBM are based on an objective function that consists of three…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Tian Han , Erik Nijkamp , Linqi Zhou , Bo Pang , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) has shown its advantages in sample-efficiency over model-free reinforcement learning (MFRL). Despite the impressive results it achieves, it still faces a trade-off between the ease of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Xiaoyu Tan , Chao Qu , Junwu Xiong , James Zhang

We focus on the problem of efficient sampling and learning of probability densities by incorporating symmetries in probabilistic models. We first introduce Equivariant Stein Variational Gradient Descent algorithm -- an equivariant sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Priyank Jaini , Lars Holdijk , Max Welling

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have shown a powerful capacity of generating high-quality image samples. Recently, diffusion autoencoders (Diff-AE) have been proposed to explore DPMs for representation learning via autoencoding. Their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Zijian Zhang , Zhou Zhao , Zhijie Lin

We study the problem of learning associative memory -- a system which is able to retrieve a remembered pattern based on its distorted or incomplete version. Attractor networks provide a sound model of associative memory: patterns are stored…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-21 Sergey Bartunov , Jack W Rae , Simon Osindero , Timothy P Lillicrap

Contrastive divergence is a popular method of training energy-based models, but is known to have difficulties with training stability. We propose an adaptation to improve contrastive divergence training by scrutinizing a gradient term that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Yilun Du , Shuang Li , Joshua Tenenbaum , Igor Mordatch

Energy-based models (EBMs), a.k.a. un-normalized models, have had recent successes in continuous spaces. However, they have not been successfully applied to model text sequences. While decreasing the energy at training samples is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Anton Bakhtin , Sam Gross , Myle Ott , Yuntian Deng , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Arthur Szlam

Robots and animals both experience the world through their bodies and senses. Their embodiment constrains their experiences, ensuring they unfold continuously in space and time. As a result, the experiences of embodied agents are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Thomas A. Berrueta , Allison Pinosky , Todd D. Murphey

Joint machine learning models that allow synthesizing and classifying data often offer uneven performance between those tasks or are unstable to train. In this work, we depart from a set of empirical observations that indicate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Kamil Deja , Tomasz Trzcinski , Jakub M. Tomczak

We introduce Diffusion Active Learning, a novel approach that combines generative diffusion modeling with data-driven sequential experimental design to adaptively acquire data for inverse problems. Although broadly applicable, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Luis Barba , Johannes Kirschner , Tomas Aidukas , Manuel Guizar-Sicairos , Benjamín Béjar

Diffusion models, such as Stable Diffusion, have shown incredible performance on text-to-image generation. Since text-to-image generation often requires models to generate visual concepts with fine-grained details and attributes specified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Xuehai He , Weixi Feng , Tsu-Jui Fu , Varun Jampani , Arjun Akula , Pradyumna Narayana , Sugato Basu , William Yang Wang , Xin Eric Wang

In this paper, we attack the anomaly detection problem by directly modeling the data distribution with deep architectures. We propose deep structured energy based models (DSEBMs), where the energy function is the output of a deterministic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-17 Shuangfei Zhai , Yu Cheng , Weining Lu , Zhongfei Zhang

Boltzmann machines (BMs) are powerful energy-based generative models, but their heavy training cost has largely confined practical use to Restricted BMs (RBMs) trained with an efficient learning method called contrastive divergence. More…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kentaro Kubo , Hayato Goto
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