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Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance by generating long chains of thought, but longer traces always introduce redundant or ineffective reasoning steps. One typical behavior is that they often perform unnecessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jinyi Han , Zixiang Di , Zishang Jiang , Ying Liao , Jiaqing Liang , Yongqi Wang , Yanghua Xiao

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is a challenging task that requires understanding complex visual and temporal relationships within videos to answer questions accurately. In this work, we introduce \textbf{ReasVQA} (Reasoning-enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Jianxin Liang , Xiaojun Meng , Huishuai Zhang , Yueqian Wang , Jiansheng Wei , Dongyan Zhao

Despite the significant advancements in keyphrase extraction and keyphrase generation methods, the predominant approach for evaluation mainly relies on exact matching with human references. This scheme fails to recognize systems that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Di Wu , Da Yin , Kai-Wei Chang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) spend substantial test-time compute on long chain-of-thought (CoT) traces, but what *characterizes* an effective CoT remains unclear. While prior work reports gains from lengthening CoTs and increasing review…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yunzhen Feng , Julia Kempe , Cheng Zhang , Parag Jain , Anthony Hartshorn

We propose a novel Chain Guided Retriever-reader ({\tt CGR}) framework to model the reasoning chain for multi-hop Science Question Answering. Our framework is capable of performing explainable reasoning without the need of any…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Weiwen Xu , Yang Deng , Huihui Zhang , Deng Cai , Wai Lam

Multi-hop Question Generation is the task of generating questions which require the reader to reason over and combine information spread across multiple passages using several reasoning steps. Chain-of-thought rationale generation has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Saurabh Kulshreshtha , Anna Rumshisky

What does it truly mean for a language model to "reason"? Current evaluations reward models' correct standalone answers-but correctness alone reveals little about the process that produced them. We argue that reasoning should be understood…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Soheil Abbasloo

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have recently achieved significant progress in complex reasoning tasks, aided by reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards. However, LRMs often suffer from overthinking, expending excessive computation on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Chuhuai Yue , Chengqi Dong , Yinan Gao , Hang He , Jiajun Chai , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have improved substantially through increased test-time computation, typically in the form of intermediate tokens known as chain-of-thought (CoT). However, CoT often becomes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Nathanaël Carraz Rakotonirina , Ren Pang , Neha Anna John , Michael Bohlke-Schneider , Momchil Hardalov

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning sometimes fails to faithfully reflect the true computation of a large language model (LLM), hampering its utility in explaining how LLMs arrive at their answers. Moreover, optimizing for faithfulness and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Nithin Sivakumaran , Shoubin Yu , Hyunji Lee , Yue Zhang , Ali Payani , Mohit Bansal , Elias Stengel-Eskin

Different types of reasoning impose different structural demands on representational systems, yet no systematic account of these demands exists across psychology, AI, and philosophy of mind. I propose a framework identifying four structural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yiling Wu

We introduce CRYSTAL (Clear Reasoning via Yielded Steps, Traceability, and Logic), a diagnostic benchmark with 6,372 instances that evaluates multimodal reasoning through verifiable intermediate steps. We propose two complementary metrics:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wayner Barrios , SouYoung Jin

Recent advances in large-scale generative language models have shown that reasoning capabilities can significantly improve model performance across a variety of tasks. However, the impact of reasoning on a model's ability to mitigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Sanchit Kabra , Akshita Jha , Chandan K. Reddy

Existing works of reasoning segmentation often fall short in complex cases, particularly when addressing complicated queries and out-of-domain images. Inspired by the chain-of-thought reasoning, where harder problems require longer thinking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shiu-hong Kao , Chak Ho Huang , Huaiqian Liu , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

Information Retrieval evaluation has traditionally focused on defining principled ways of assessing the relevance of a ranked list of documents with respect to a query. Several methods extend this type of evaluation beyond relevance, making…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Maria Maistro , Lucas Chaves Lima , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma

Reasoning is a fundamental capability for solving complex multi-step problems, particularly in visual contexts where sequential step-wise understanding is essential. Existing approaches lack a comprehensive framework for evaluating visual…

Multi-step reasoning instruction, such as chain-of-thought prompting, is widely adopted to explore better language models (LMs) performance. We report on the systematic strategy that LMs employ in such a multi-step reasoning process. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yoichi Aoki , Keito Kudo , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Shusaku Sone , Masaya Taniguchi , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

Despite the strong reasoning ability of large language models~(LLMs), they are prone to errors and hallucinations. As a result, how to check their outputs effectively and efficiently has become a critical problem in their applications.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jiayu Liu , Wei Dai , Zhenya Huang , Ning Miao , Enhong Chen

Logical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence and an essential capability for multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Despite the significant advancement in multimodal reasoning, existing benchmarks fail to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jiakang Yuan , Tianshuo Peng , Yilei Jiang , Yiting Lu , Renrui Zhang , Kaituo Feng , Chaoyou Fu , Tao Chen , Lei Bai , Bo Zhang , Xiangyu Yue

Large reasoning models (LRMs) that generate long chains of thought now perform well on multi-step math, science, and coding tasks. However, their behavior is still unstable and hard to interpret, and existing analysis tools struggle with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Xiaoyu Xu , Yulan Pan , Xiaosong Yuan , Zhihong Shen , Minghao Su , Yuanhao Su , Xiaofeng Zhang