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Quantum codes are subspaces of the state space of a quantum system that are used to protect quantum information. Some common classes of quantum codes are stabilizer (or additive) codes, non-stabilizer (or non-additive) codes obtained from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-27 Hari Dilip Kumar

High-fidelity logical magic states are a critical resource for fault-tolerant quantum computation, enabling non-Clifford logical operations through state injection. However, benchmarking these states presents significant challenges: one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Su-un Lee , Ming Yuan , Senrui Chen , Kento Tsubouchi , Liang Jiang

Entanglement serves as a foundational pillar in quantum information theory, delineating the boundary between what is classical and what is quantum. The common assumption is that higher entanglement corresponds to a greater degree of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Andi Gu , Salvatore F. E. Oliviero , Lorenzo Leone

Stabiliser operations occupy a prominent role in fault-tolerant quantum computing. They are defined operationally: by the use of Clifford gates, Pauli measurements and classical control. These operations can be efficiently simulated on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Arne Heimendahl , Markus Heinrich , David Gross

Quantum magic, quantified by nonstabilizerness, measures departures from stabilizer structure and underlies potential quantum speedups. We introduce an efficient classical framework for computing stabilizer R\'enyi entropies and stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Zhenyu Xiao , Shinsei Ryu

It is an oft-cited fact that no quantum code can support a set of fault-tolerant logical gates that is both universal and transversal. This no-go theorem is generally responsible for the interest in alternative universality constructions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-20 Theodore J. Yoder , Ryuji Takagi , Isaac L. Chuang

Quantum computers can be protected from noise by encoding the logical quantum information redundantly into multiple qubits using error correcting codes. When manipulating the logical quantum states, it is imperative that errors caused by…

Non-stabilizerness is a key resource for fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet its interplay with entanglement in dynamical settings remains underexplored. We address this by analyzing a well-controlled, analytically tractable setup,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Zong-Yue Hou , ChunJun Cao , Zhi-Cheng Yang

Stabilizer entropies and quantum magic have been extensively explored in real-space formulations of quantum systems within the framework of resource theory. However, interesting and transparent physics often emerges in momentum space, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-06 Balázs Dóra , Cătălin Paşcu Moca

The interplay between non-stabilizerness and entanglement in random states is a very rich arena of study for the understanding of quantum advantage and complexity. In this work, we tackle the problem of such interplay in random pure quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Daniele Iannotti , Gianluca Esposito , Lorenzo Campos Venuti , Alioscia Hamma

Disorder-free quantum many-body localization can strongly suppress transport while still enabling the dynamical buildup of computationally costly non-Clifford resources. In a tilted transverse-field Ising chain realizing disorder-free Stark…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Han-Ze Li , Yi-Rui Zhang , Yu-Jun Zhao , Xuyang Huang , Jian-Xin Zhong

The challenge of quantum computing is to combine error resilience with universal computation. Diagonal gates such as the transversal $T$ gate play an important role in implementing a universal set of quantum operations. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-14 Jingzhen Hu , Qingzhong Liang , Robert Calderbank

With the successful demonstration of transversal CNOTs in many recent experiments, it is the right moment to examine its implications on one of the most critical parts of fault-tolerant computation -- magic state preparation. Using an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-30 Nicholas Fazio , Mark Webster , Zhenyu Cai

Magic state distillation is a resource intensive sub-routine for quantum computation. The ratio of noisy input states to output states with error rate at most $\epsilon$ scales as $O(\log^{\gamma}(1/\epsilon))$ (Bravyi and Haah, PRA 2012).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Anirudh Krishna , Jean-Pierre Tillich

Quantum many-body systems have been extensively studied from the perspective of quantum technology, and conversely, critical phenomena in such systems have been characterized by operationally relevant resources like entanglement. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-27 Saubhik Sarkar , Chiranjib Mukhopadhyay , Abolfazl Bayat

Nonstabilizerness, also known as ``magic'', stands as a crucial resource for achieving a potential advantage in quantum computing. Its connection to many-body physical phenomena is poorly understood at present, mostly due to a lack of…

Many proposals for fault-tolerant quantum computation require injection of 'magic states' to achieve a universal set of operations. Some qubit states are above a threshold fidelity, allowing them to be converted into magic states via 'magic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-24 Patrick Rall

Recent advances in quantum hardware are bringing fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) closer to reality. In the early stage of FTQC, however, the numbers of available logical qubits and high-fidelity $T$ gates remain limited, making it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Yuya O. Nakagawa , Yasunori Lee

Magic is the quantum resource allowing a quantum computer to perform operations that cannot be simulated efficiently by classical computation. As such, generating magic in a quantum system is crucial for achieving quantum advantage. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Ron Nyström , Nicola Pranzini , Esko Keski-Vakkuri

Magic state distillation (MSD) is an essential element for universal fault-tolerant quantum computing, which distills a high-fidelity magic state from noisy magic states using ideal (error-corrected) Clifford operations. For ideal Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Tomohiro Itogawa , Yugo Takada , Yutaka Hirano , Keisuke Fujii