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Next-generation cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments will have lower noise and therefore increased sensitivity, enabling improved constraints on fundamental physics parameters such as the sum of neutrino masses and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-16 João Caldeira , W. L. Kimmy Wu , Brian Nord , Camille Avestruz , Shubhendu Trivedi , Kyle T. Story

Radio interferometry enables high-resolution imaging of astronomical radio sources by synthesizing a large effective aperture from an array of antennas and solving a deconvolution problem to reconstruct the image. Deep learning has emerged…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 Zihui Wu , Liam Connor , Samuel McCarty , Katherine L. Bouman

The full sky cosmic microwave background polarization field can be decomposed into `electric' and `magnetic' components. Working in harmonic space we construct magnetic variables that can be measured from observations over only a portion of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Antony Lewis , Anthony Challinor , Neil Turok

The Hierarchical Equal Area isoLatitude Pixelation (HEALPix) scheme is used extensively in astrophysics for data collection and analysis on the sphere. The scheme was originally designed for studying the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-24 Kathryn P. Drake , Grady B. Wright

We describe a fast and accurate method to perform the convolution of a sky map with a general asymmetric main beam along any given scanning strategy. The method is based on the decomposition of the beam as a sum of circular functions, here…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Tristram , J. -C. Hamilton , J. F. Macias-Perez , C. Renault

To derive the convergence field from the gravitational shear (gamma) of the background galaxy images, the classical methods require a convolution of the shear to be performed over the entire sky, usually expressed thanks to the Fast Fourier…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 E. Deriaz , J. -L. Starck , S. Pires

In our previous study, we introduced a machine-learning technique, namely CMBFSCNN, for the removal of foreground contamination in cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization data. This method was successfully employed on actual…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-19 Ye-Peng Yan , Si-Yu Li , Guo-Jian Wang , Zirui Zhang , Jun-Qing Xia

We propose an innovative demodulation scheme for coherent detectors used in cosmic microwave background polarization experiments. Removal of non-white noise, e.g., narrow-band noise, in detectors is one of the key requirements for the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-22 K. Ishidoshiro , Y. Chinone , M. Hasegawa , M. Hazumi , M. Nagai , O. Tajima

Microwave imaging is commonly based on the solution of linearized inverse scattering problems by matched filtering algorithms, i.e., by applying the adjoint of the forward scattering operator to the observation data. A more rigorous…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-23 Matthias M. Saurer , Han Na , Marius Brinkmann , Thomas F. Eibert

We evaluate the expected level of foreground contamination to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarised radiation, focusing on the diffuse emission from our own Galaxy. In particular, we perform a first attempt to simulate an all sky…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Carlo Baccigalupi

Matter inhomogeneities along the line of sight deflect the cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons originating at the last scattering surface at redshift $z \sim 1100$. These distortions modify the pattern of CMB polarization. We identify…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Jacek Guzik , Uros Seljak , Matias Zaldarriaga

Denoising is a fundamental imaging problem. Versatile but fast filtering has been demanded for mobile camera systems. We present an approach to multiscale filtering which allows real-time applications on low-powered devices. The key idea is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Sungjoon Choi , John Isidoro , Pascal Getreuer , Peyman Milanfar

The bilateral filter is a useful nonlinear filter which without smoothing edges, it does spatial averaging. In the literature, the effectiveness of this method for image denoising is shown. In this paper, an extension of this method is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-07 Seyede Mahya Hazavei , Hamid Reza Shahdoosti

We develop an optimal Bayesian solution for jointly inferring secondary signals in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) originating from gravitational lensing and from patchy screening during the epoch of reionization. This method is able…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-26 Federico Bianchini , Marius Millea

The polarization plane of the cosmic microwave background radiation can be rotated either in a magnetized plasma or in the presence of a quintessential background with pseudoscalar coupling to electromagnetism. A unified treatment of these…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Massimo Giovannini

One of the major targets for next-generation cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments is the detection of the primordial B-mode signal. Planning is under way for Stage-IV experiments that are projected to have instrumental noise small…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-23 Zhen Pan , Ethan Anderes , Lloyd Knox

The mergers of supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) can serve as standard sirens: the gravitational wave (GW) analog of standard candles. The upcoming space-borne GW detectors will be able to discover such systems and estimate their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-09 Zhao-Feng Wu , Lok W. L. Chan , Martin Hendry , Otto A. Hannuksela

We apply a messenger field method to solve the linear minimum-variance mapmaking equation in the context of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations. In simulations, the method produces sky maps that converge significantly faster than…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 Kevin M. Huffenberger , Sigurd K. Næss

We study the morphology of convergence maps by perturbatively reconstructing their Minkowski Functionals (MFs). We present a systematics study using a set of three generalised skew-spectra as a function of source redshift and smoothing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 D. Munshi , T. Namikawa , J. D. McEwen , T. D. Kitching , F. R. Bouchet

Wide-field imaging Mueller polarimetry is a revolutionary, label-free, and non-invasive modality for computer-aided intervention: in neurosurgery it aims to provide visual feedback of white matter fibre bundle orientation from derived…