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In this work, we exploit the task of joint classification and weakly supervised localization of thoracic diseases from chest radiographs, with only image-level disease labels coupled with disease severity-level (DSL) information of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Yuxing Tang , Xiaosong Wang , Adam P. Harrison , Le Lu , Jing Xiao , Ronald M. Summers

When existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) solutions are intended to be used for new knowledge domains, it is necessary to update their encoders, which are taken to be pretrained large language models (LLMs). However, fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Marijan Fofonjka , Shahryar Zehtabi , Alireza Behtash , Tyler Mauer , David Stout

This paper considers making active learning more sensible from a medical perspective. In practice, a disease manifests itself in different forms across patient cohorts. Existing frameworks have primarily used mathematical constructs to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Yash-yee Logan , Ryan Benkert , Ahmad Mustafa , Gukyeong Kwon , Ghassan AlRegib

Continual learning aims to allow models to learn new tasks without forgetting what has been learned before. This work introduces Elastic Variational Continual Learning with Weight Consolidation (EVCL), a novel hybrid model that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Hunar Batra , Ronald Clark

In the scenario of class-incremental learning (CIL), deep neural networks have to adapt their model parameters to non-stationary data distributions, e.g., the emergence of new classes over time. However, CIL models are challenged by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Depeng Li , Zhigang Zeng

Continual learning is an emerging paradigm in machine learning, wherein a model is exposed in an online fashion to data from multiple different distributions (i.e. environments), and is expected to adapt to the distribution change.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Binghui Peng , Andrej Risteski

We study the problem of continual test-time adaption where the goal is to adapt a source pre-trained model to a sequence of unlabelled target domains at test time. Existing methods on test-time training suffer from several limitations: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Kien X. Nguyen , Fengchun Qiao , Xi Peng

Although CNNs have gained the ability to transfer learned knowledge from source task to target task by virtue of large annotated datasets but consume huge processing time to fine-tune without GPU. In this paper, we propose a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Tasfia Shermin , Manzur Murshed , Guojun Lu , Shyh Wei Teng

Continual learning the ability of a neural network to learn multiple sequential tasks without catastrophic forgetting remains a central challenge in developing adaptive artificial intelligence systems. While deep learning models achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Md Hasibul Amin , Tamzid Tanvi Alam

Previous studies on continual knowledge learning (CKL) in large language models (LLMs) have predominantly focused on approaches such as regularization, architectural modifications, and rehearsal techniques to mitigate catastrophic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yeongbin Seo , Dongha Lee , Jinyoung Yeo

Class incremental learning approaches are useful as they help the model to learn new information (classes) sequentially, while also retaining the previously acquired information (classes). However, it has been shown that such approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Muhammad Umer , Robi Polikar

The "pre-training $\rightarrow$ downstream adaptation" presents both new opportunities and challenges for Continual Learning (CL). Although the recent state-of-the-art in CL is achieved through Parameter-Efficient-Tuning (PET) adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Qiankun Gao , Chen Zhao , Yifan Sun , Teng Xi , Gang Zhang , Bernard Ghanem , Jian Zhang

In this paper, we propose a continual learning (CL) technique that is beneficial to sequential task learners by improving their retained accuracy and reducing catastrophic forgetting. The principal target of our approach is the automatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Ammar Shaker , Shujian Yu , Francesco Alesiani

Pretrained language models (PTLMs) are typically learned over a large, static corpus and further fine-tuned for various downstream tasks. However, when deployed in the real world, a PTLM-based model must deal with data distributions that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Xisen Jin , Dejiao Zhang , Henghui Zhu , Wei Xiao , Shang-Wen Li , Xiaokai Wei , Andrew Arnold , Xiang Ren

Unsupervised anomaly detection aims to build models to effectively detect unseen anomalies by only training on the normal data. Although previous reconstruction-based methods have made fruitful progress, their generalization ability is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Yuxin Zhang , Jindong Wang , Yiqiang Chen , Han Yu , Tao Qin

Continual learning (CL) aims to enable learning systems to acquire new knowledge constantly without forgetting previously learned information. CL faces the challenge of mitigating catastrophic forgetting while maintaining interpretability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Lu Yu , Haoyu Han , Zhe Tao , Hantao Yao , Changsheng Xu

Exemplar-free class-incremental learning using a backbone trained from scratch and starting from a small first task presents a significant challenge for continual representation learning. Prototype-based approaches, when continually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Alex Gomez-Villa , Dipam Goswami , Kai Wang , Andrew D. Bagdanov , Bartlomiej Twardowski , Joost van de Weijer

Transformer neural networks are increasingly replacing prior architectures in a wide range of applications in different data modalities. The increasing size and computational demands of fine-tuning large pre-trained transformer neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yuliang Cai , Mohammad Rostami

In the past, continual learning (CL) was mostly concerned with the problem of catastrophic forgetting in neural networks, that arises when incrementally learning a sequence of tasks. Current CL methods function within the confines of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shishir Muralidhara , Didier Stricker , René Schuster

With the excellent representation capabilities of Pre-Trained Models (PTMs), remarkable progress has been made in non-rehearsal Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) research. However, it remains an extremely challenging task due to three…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jiawei Zhan , Jun Liu , Jinlong Peng , Xiaochen Chen , Bin-Bin Gao , Yong Liu , Chengjie Wang