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Large Language Models (LLMs) are being enhanced with the ability to use tools and to process multiple modalities. These new capabilities bring new benefits and also new security risks. In this work, we show that an attacker can use visual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Xiaohan Fu , Zihan Wang , Shuheng Li , Rajesh K. Gupta , Niloofar Mireshghallah , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Earlence Fernandes

Modern software systems generate extensive heterogeneous log data with dynamic formats, fragmented event sequences, and varying temporal patterns, making anomaly detection both crucial and challenging. To address these complexities, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Przemek Pospieszny , Wojciech Mormul , Karolina Szyndler , Sanjeev Kumar

Existing language model safety evaluations focus on overt attacks and low-stakes tasks. In reality, an attacker can easily subvert existing safeguards by requesting help on small, benign-seeming tasks across many independent queries.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Davis Brown , Mahdi Sabbaghi , Luze Sun , Alexander Robey , George J. Pappas , Eric Wong , Hamed Hassani

Deep learning technology has made great achievements in the field of image. In order to defend against malware attacks, researchers have proposed many Windows malware detection models based on deep learning. However, deep learning models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Kun Li , Fan Zhang , Wei Guo

Detection of adversarial examples has been a hot topic in the last years due to its importance for safely deploying machine learning algorithms in critical applications. However, the detection methods are generally validated by assuming a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Federica Granese , Marine Picot , Marco Romanelli , Francisco Messina , Pablo Piantanida

Deep learning models are being integrated into a wide range of high-impact, security-critical systems, from self-driving cars to medical diagnosis. However, recent research has demonstrated that many of these deep learning architectures are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Scott Freitas , Shang-Tse Chen , Zijie J. Wang , Duen Horng Chau

Developments in the machine learning voting domain have shown both promising results and risks. Trained models perform well on ballot classification tasks (> 99% accuracy) but are at risk from adversarial example attacks that cause…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Khaleque Md Aashiq Kamal , Surya Eada , Aayushi Verma , Subek Acharya , Adrian Yemin , Benjamin Fuller , Kaleel Mahmood

Optimization-based adversarial suffixes can jailbreak aligned large language models (LLMs) while remaining fluent, weakening static and windowed perplexity-based detectors. We cast adversarial suffix detection as an online change-point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mohammed Alshaalan , Miguel R. D. Rodrigues

Adversarial attacks constitute a notable threat to machine learning systems, given their potential to induce erroneous predictions and classifications. However, within real-world contexts, the essential specifics of the deployed model are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Jingwen Ye , Ruonan Yu , Songhua Liu , Xinchao Wang

Deep learning-based adversarial malware detectors have yielded promising results in detecting never-before-seen malware executables without relying on expensive dynamic behavior analysis and sandbox. Despite their abilities, these detectors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-28 James Lee Hu , Mohammadreza Ebrahimi , Weifeng Li , Xin Li , Hsinchun Chen

Recent advancements in Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of highly realistic synthetic content, raising concerns about the potential for malicious use, such as misinformation and manipulation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Andrea Pedrotti , Michele Papucci , Cristiano Ciaccio , Alessio Miaschi , Giovanni Puccetti , Felice Dell'Orletta , Andrea Esuli

Recent years have seen the wide application of NLP models in crucial areas such as finance, medical treatment, and news media, raising concerns of the model robustness and vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yuting Yang , Pei Huang , Juan Cao , Jintao Li , Yun Lin , Jin Song Dong , Feifei Ma , Jian Zhang

Machine Learning (ML) can be incredibly valuable to automate anomaly detection and cyber-attack classification, improving the way that Network Intrusion Detection (NID) is performed. However, despite the benefits of ML models, they are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 João Vitorino , Isabel Praça , Eva Maia

Deep learning models, which are increasingly being used in the field of medical image analysis, come with a major security risk, namely, their vulnerability to adversarial examples. Adversarial examples are carefully crafted samples that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-01 Utku Ozbulak , Arnout Van Messem , Wesley De Neve

Large language model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) enable agents to communicate and share information, achieving strong performance on complex tasks. However, this communication also creates an attack surface where malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lingxi Zhang , Guangtao Zheng , Hanjie Chen

Deep learning classifiers are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. A recent paper presented at ICML 2019 proposed a statistical test detection method based on the observation that logits of noisy adversarial examples are biased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Hossein Hosseini , Sreeram Kannan , Radha Poovendran

To prevent misinformation and social issues arising from trustworthy-looking content generated by LLMs, it is crucial to develop efficient and reliable methods for identifying the source of texts. Previous approaches have demonstrated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Fangqi Dai , Xingjian Jiang , Zizhuang Deng

Understanding intrinsic differences between adversarial examples and clean samples is key to enhancing DNN robustness and detection against adversarial attacks. This study first empirically finds that image-based adversarial examples are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Jun Li , Yanwei Xu , Keran Li , Xiaoli Zhang

DL-based automatic modulation classification (AMC) models are highly susceptible to adversarial attacks, where even minimal input perturbations can cause severe misclassifications. While adversarially training an AMC model based on an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Amirmohammad Bamdad , Ali Owfi , Fatemeh Afghah

Despite outstanding performance in a variety of NLP tasks, recent studies have revealed that NLP models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that slightly perturb the input to cause the models to misbehave. Among these attacks, adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Duy C. Hoang , Quang H. Nguyen , Saurav Manchanda , MinLong Peng , Kok-Seng Wong , Khoa D. Doan