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Recently, there has been an increasing number of efforts to introduce models capable of generating natural language explanations (NLEs) for their predictions on vision-language (VL) tasks. Such models are appealing, because they can provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Maxime Kayser , Oana-Maria Camburu , Leonard Salewski , Cornelius Emde , Virginie Do , Zeynep Akata , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Explanations of neural models aim to reveal a model's decision-making process for its predictions. However, recent work shows that current methods giving explanations such as saliency maps or counterfactuals can be misleading, as they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Pepa Atanasova , Oana-Maria Camburu , Christina Lioma , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Isabelle Augenstein

The recent growth in the popularity and success of deep learning models on NLP classification tasks has accompanied the need for generating some form of natural language explanation of the predicted labels. Such generated natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Sawan Kumar , Partha Talukdar

As machine learning becomes more widespread and is used in more critical applications, it's important to provide explanations for these models, to prevent unintended behavior. Unfortunately, many current interpretability methods struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Andreas Madsen

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), Natural Language Explanations (NLEs) have become increasingly important for understanding model predictions. However, these explanations often fail to faithfully represent the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yingming Wang , Pepa Atanasova

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer natural language explanations as an alternative to feature attribution methods for model interpretability. However, despite their plausibility, they may not reflect the model's true reasoning faithfully.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Kerem Zaman , Shashank Srivastava

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of generating persuasive Natural Language Explanations (NLEs) to justify their answers. However, the faithfulness of these explanations should not be readily trusted at face value. Recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Wei Jie Yeo , Ranjan Satapathy , Erik Cambria

LLM self-explanations are often presented as a promising tool for AI oversight, yet their faithfulness to the model's true reasoning process is poorly understood. Existing faithfulness metrics have critical limitations, typically relying on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Harry Mayne , Justin Singh Kang , Dewi Gould , Kannan Ramchandran , Adam Mahdi , Noah Y. Siegel

Large Language Models (LLMs) are deployed as powerful tools for several natural language processing (NLP) applications. Recent works show that modern LLMs can generate self-explanations (SEs), which elicit their intermediate reasoning steps…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Chirag Agarwal , Sree Harsha Tanneru , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Natural Language Explanation (NLE) aims to elucidate the decision-making process by providing detailed, human-friendly explanations in natural language. It helps demystify the decision-making processes of large vision-language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Patrick Amadeus Irawan , Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Ayu Purwarianti

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in complex visual understanding across scientific and reasoning tasks. While performance benchmarking has advanced our understanding of these capabilities, the critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Asif Azad , Mohammad Sadat Hossain , MD Sadik Hossain Shanto , M Saifur Rahman , Md Rizwan Parvez

Uncertainty quantification is essential for assessing the reliability and trustworthiness of modern AI systems. Among existing approaches, verbalized uncertainty, where models express their confidence through natural language, has emerged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Weihao Xuan , Qingcheng Zeng , Heli Qi , Junjue Wang , Naoto Yokoya

Natural language explanations (NLEs) are commonly used to provide plausible free-text explanations of a model's reasoning about its predictions. However, recent work has questioned their faithfulness, as they may not accurately reflect the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Shuzhou Yuan , Jingyi Sun , Ran Zhang , Michael Färber , Steffen Eger , Pepa Atanasova , Isabelle Augenstein

Explainability algorithms aimed at interpreting decision-making AI systems usually consider balancing two critical dimensions: 1) \textit{faithfulness}, where explanations accurately reflect the model's inference process. 2)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Xiaolei Lu , Jianghong Ma

Natural language explanations promise to offer intuitively understandable explanations of a neural network's decision process in complex vision-language tasks, as pursued in recent VL-NLE models. While current models offer impressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Björn Plüster , Jakob Ambsdorf , Lukas Braach , Jae Hee Lee , Stefan Wermter

Natural language explanation (NLE) models aim at explaining the decision-making process of a black box system via generating natural language sentences which are human-friendly, high-level and fine-grained. Current NLE models explain the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Fawaz Sammani , Tanmoy Mukherjee , Nikos Deligiannis

Conditional language models still generate unfaithful output that is not supported by their input. These unfaithful generations jeopardize trust in real-world applications such as summarization or human-machine interaction, motivating a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Julius Steen , Juri Opitz , Anette Frank , Katja Markert

Current Natural Language Inference (NLI) models achieve impressive results, sometimes outperforming humans when evaluating on in-distribution test sets. However, as these models are known to learn from annotation artefacts and dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Joe Stacey , Pasquale Minervini , Haim Dubossarsky , Marek Rei

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into high-stakes domains, there have been several approaches proposed toward generating natural language explanations. These explanations are crucial for enhancing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Krithi Shailya , Shreya Rajpal , Gokul S Krishnan , Balaraman Ravindran

Visual reasoning is central to human cognition, enabling individuals to interpret and abstractly understand their environment. Although recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Jing Bi , Junjia Guo , Susan Liang , Guangyu Sun , Luchuan Song , Yunlong Tang , Jinxi He , Jiarui Wu , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu
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