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Incentives that compensate for the involved costs in the decentralized training of a Federated Learning (FL) model act as a key stimulus for clients' long-term participation. However, it is challenging to convince clients for quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Shashi Raj Pandey , Lam Duc Nguyen , Petar Popovski

The latest developments in AI focus on agentic systems where artificial and human agents cooperate to realize global goals. An example is collaborative learning, which aims to train a global model based on data from individual agents. A…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Björn Filter , Ralf Möller , Özgür Lütfü Özçep

In response to the European Commission's aim of cutting carbon emissions by 2050, there is a growing need for cutting-edge solutions to promote low-carbon energy consumption in public infrastructures. This paper introduces a Proof of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Renan Lima Baima , Iván Abellán Álvarez , Ivan Pavić , Emanuela Podda

The popularity and applicability of mobile crowdsensing applications are continuously increasing due to the widespread of mobile devices and their sensing and processing capabilities. However, we need to offer appropriate incentives to the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Dimitris Chatzopoulos , Sujit Gujar , Boi Faltings , Pan Hui

The proof-of-work consensus protocol suffers from two main limitations: waste of energy and offering only probabilistic guarantees about the status of the blockchain. This paper introduces SklCoin, a new Byzantine consensus protocol and its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Zakwan Jaroucheh , Baraq Ghaleb , William J Buchanan

Blockchain as an emerging technology has transformed many traditional and conventional ecosystems and business models. Publication review system is one of the interesting subjects for transformation. The conventional models of publication…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Omid Fatahi Valilai

In this era, significant transformations in industries and tool utilization are driven by AI/Large Language Models (LLMs) and advancements in Machine Learning. There's a growing emphasis on Machine Learning Operations(MLOps) for managing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Rabimba Karanjai , Lei Xu , Weidong Shi

In the field of energy Internet, blockchain-based distributed energy trading mode is a promising way to replace the traditional centralized trading mode. However, the current power blockchain platform based on public chain has problems such…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Lianghaojie Zhou , Youquan Xian , Yipeng Yang , Jianyong Jiang , Peng Liu , Xianxian Li

In the white book of Bitcion, Satoshi Nakamoto described a bitcoin system that can realize point-to-point online payment without a third-party organization. After supporting this magical application scenario and subverting the traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Shi Yan

In this paper, we represent the problem of selecting miners within a blockchain-based system as a subset selection problem. We formulate the problem of minimising blockchain energy consumption as an optimisation problem with two conflicting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Akram Alofi , Mahmoud A. Bokhari , Robert Hendley , Rami Bahsoon

Data valuation is an essential task in a data marketplace. It aims at fairly compensating data owners for their contribution. There is increasing recognition in the machine learning community that the Shapley value -- a foundational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhihua Tian , Jian Liu , Jingyu Li , Xinle Cao , Ruoxi Jia , Jun Kong , Mengdi Liu , Kui Ren

A blockchain and smart contract enabled security mechanism for IoT applications has been reported recently for urban, financial, and network services. However, due to the power-intensive and a low-throughput consensus mechanism in existing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Ronghua Xu , Yu Chen , Erik Blasch , Genshe Chen

Context: Blockchain and AI are increasingly explored to enhance trustworthiness in software engineering (SE), particularly in supporting software evolution tasks. Method: We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) using a predefined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Mohammad Naserameri , Juergen Rilling

We introduce Unity Interleave, a new consensus algorithm for public blockchain settings. It is an eventual consistency protocol merging the Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) into a coherent stochastic process. It builds upon…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Yao Sun , Aayush Rajasekaran

Traditional centralized energy systems have the disadvantages of difficult management and insufficient incentives. Blockchain is an emerging technology, which can be utilized in energy systems to enhance their management and control.…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-08-06 Jun Zhang , Fei-Yue Wang , Siyuan Chen

Decentralization is a fundamental design element of the Web3 economy. Blockchains and distributed consensus mechanisms are touted as fault-tolerant, attack-resistant, and collusion-proof because they are decentralized. Recent analyses,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Harang Ju , Madhav Kumar , Ehsan Valavi , Sinan Aral

Permissioned Blockchains are increasingly considered in enterprise use-cases, many of which do not require geo-distribution, or even disallow it due to legislation. Examples include country-wide networks, such as Alastria, or those deployed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Manuel Bravo , Zsolt István , Man-Kit Sit

Blockchain technology has become a trusted method for establishing secure and transparent transactions through a distributed, encrypted network. The operation of blockchain is governed by consensus algorithms, among which Proof of Stake…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Bruno Ramos-Cruz , Javier Andreu-Pérez , Francisco J. Quesada , Luis Martínez

This paper proposes a conceptual framework for the analysis of reward sharing schemes in mining pools, such as those associated with Bitcoin. The framework is centered around the reported shares in a pool instead of agents and results in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Burak Can , Jens Leth Hougaard , Mohsen Pourpouneh

Task-oriented integrated sensing, communication, and computation (ISCC) is a key technology for achieving low-latency edge inference and enabling efficient implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in industrial cyber-physical systems…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jiacheng Yao , Wei Xu , Guangxu Zhu , Kaibin Huang , Shuguang Cui