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While address space layout randomization (ASLR) has been extensively studied for user-space programs, the corresponding OS kernel's KASLR support remains very limited, making the kernel vulnerable to just-in-time (JIT) return-oriented…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Ruslan Nikolaev , Hassan Nadeem , Cathlyn Stone , Binoy Ravindran

Microarchitectural side channel attacks have been very prominent in security research over the last few years. Caches have been an outstanding covert channel, as they provide high resolution and generic cross-core leakage even with simple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Samira Briongos , Ida Bruhns , Pedro Malagón , Thomas Eisenbarth , José M. Moya

Most electronic devices utilize mechanical keyboards to receive inputs, including sensitive information such as authentication credentials, personal and private data, emails, plans, etc. However, these systems are susceptible to acoustic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Alireza Taheritajar , Zahra Mahmoudpour Harris , Reza Rahaeimehr

Model extraction attacks have been widely applied, which can normally be used to recover confidential parameters of neural networks for multiple layers. Recently, side-channel analysis of neural networks allows parameter extraction even for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Jakub Breier , Dirmanto Jap , Xiaolu Hou , Shivam Bhasin

For a distributed last-level cache (LLC) in a large multicore chip, the access time to one LLC bank can significantly differ from that to another due to the difference in physical distance. In this paper, we successfully demonstrated a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Farabi Mahmud , Sungkeun Kim , Harpreet Singh Chawla , Chia-Che Tsai , Eun Jung Kim , Abdullah Muzahid

Machine-learning techniques are widely used in security-related applications, like spam and malware detection. However, in such settings, they have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, including the deliberate manipulation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Ambra Demontis , Paolo Russu , Battista Biggio , Giorgio Fumera , Fabio Roli

In this paper, we explore a new, yet critical, side-channel attack against Intel Software Guard Extension (SGX), called a branch shadowing attack, which can reveal fine-grained control flows (i.e., each branch) of an enclave program running…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-05 Sangho Lee , Ming-Wei Shih , Prasun Gera , Taesoo Kim , Hyesoon Kim , Marcus Peinado

Many applications in cellular systems and sensor networks involve a random subset of a large number of users asynchronously reporting activity to a base station. This paper examines the problem of multiuser detection (MUD) in random access…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Lorne Applebaum , Waheed U. Bajwa , Marco F. Duarte , Robert Calderbank

Timing channels enable data leakage that threatens the security of computer systems, from cloud platforms to smartphones and browsers executing untrusted third-party code. Preventing unauthorised information flow is a core duty of the…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Qian Ge , Yuval Yarom , Tom Chothia , Gernot Heiser

In cache-based side channel attacks, an attacker infers information about the victim based on the presence, or lack thereof, of one or more cachelines. Determining a cacheline's presence, which we refer to as "reading the signal", typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-02 David A. Kaplan

With the discovery of new exploit techniques, new protection mechanisms are needed as well. Mitigations like DEP (Data Execution Prevention) or ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization) created a significantly more difficult environment for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-08-25 Piotr Bania

Side-channel risks of Intel's SGX have recently attracted great attention. Under the spotlight is the newly discovered page-fault attack, in which an OS-level adversary induces page faults to observe the page-level access patterns of a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wenhao Wang , Guoxing Chen , Xiaorui Pan , Yinqian Zhang , XiaoFeng Wang , Vincent Bindschaedler , Haixu Tang , Carl A. Gunter

The deep learning revolution has been enabled in large part by GPUs, and more recently accelerators, which make it possible to carry out computationally demanding training and inference in acceptable times. As the size of machine learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Sankha Baran Dutta , Hoda Naghibijouybari , Arjun Gupta , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh , Andres Marquez , Kevin Barker

Modern processors are highly optimized systems where every single cycle of computation time matters. Many optimizations depend on the data that is being processed. Software-based microarchitectural attacks exploit effects of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Daniel Gruss

DRAM chips are vulnerable to read disturbance phenomena (e.g., RowHammer and RowPress), where repeatedly accessing or keeping open a DRAM row causes bitflips in nearby rows. Attackers leverage RowHammer bitflips in real systems to take over…

The last level cache is vulnerable to timing based side channel attacks because it is shared by the attacker and the victim processes even if they are located on different cores. These timing attacks evict the victim cache lines using small…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Kartik Ramkrishnan , Antonia Zhai , Stephen McCamant , Pen Chung Yew

Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX) is a promising hardware-based technology for protecting sensitive computations from potentially compromised system software. However, recent research has shown that SGX is vulnerable to branch-shadowing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Shohreh Hosseinzadeh , Hans Liljestrand , Ville Leppänen , Andrew Paverd

The proliferation of ubiquitous computing requires energy-efficient as well as secure operation of modern processors. Side channel attacks are becoming a critical threat to security and privacy of devices embedded in modern computing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Nikhil Chawla , Arvind Singh , Monodeep Kar , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Numerous previous works have studied deep learning algorithms applied in the context of side-channel attacks, which demonstrated the ability to perform successful key recoveries. These studies show that modern cryptographic devices are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Ruizhe Gu , Ping Wang , Mengce Zheng , Honggang Hu , Nenghai Yu

Adversarial attacks consist in maliciously changing the input data to mislead the predictions of automated decision systems and are potentially a serious threat for automated medical image analysis. Previous studies have shown that it is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-09 Gerda Bortsova , Florian Dubost , Laurens Hogeweg , Ioannis Katramados , Marleen de Bruijne