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Dimensionality reduction (DR) is characterized by two longstanding trade-offs. First, there is a global-local preservation tension: methods such as t-SNE and UMAP prioritize local neighborhood preservation, yet may distort global manifold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zeyang Huang , Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Thomas Höllt , Takanori Fujiwara

Dimensionality reduction (DR) is one of the key tools for the visual exploration of high-dimensional data and uncovering its cluster structure in two- or three-dimensional spaces. The vast majority of DR methods in the literature do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Stavros Gerolymatos , Xenophon Evangelopoulos , Vladimir Gusev , John Y. Goulermas

We consider the problem of sufficient dimensionality reduction (SDR), where the high-dimensional observation is transformed to a low-dimensional sub-space in which the information of the observations regarding the label variable is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Ershad Banijamali , Amir-Hossein Karimi , Ali Ghodsi

This paper discusses the critical decision process of extracting or selecting the features in a supervised learning context. It is often confusing to find a suitable method to reduce dimensionality. There are pros and cons to deciding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Jean-Sébastien Dessureault , Daniel Massicotte

Moment-based distributionally robust optimization (DRO) provides an optimization framework to integrate statistical information with traditional optimization approaches. Under this framework, one assumes that the underlying joint…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Shiyi Jiang , Jianqiang Cheng , Kai Pan , Zuo-Jun Max Shen

Dimensionality reduction (DR) is often used as a preprocessing step in classification, but usually one first fixes the DR mapping, possibly using label information, and then learns a classifier (a filter approach). Best performance would be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-05-27 Weiran Wang , Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán

Dimensionality reduction is a fundamental technique in machine learning and data analysis, enabling efficient representation and visualization of high-dimensional data. This paper explores five key methods: Principal Component Analysis…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-02-19 Yuan-chin Ivan Chang

Because of high dimensionality, correlation among covariates, and noise contained in data, dimension reduction (DR) techniques are often employed to the application of machine learning algorithms. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-08 Katherine C. Kempfert , Yishi Wang , Cuixian Chen , Samuel W. K. Wong

In this paper, we address the problem of predicting a response variable in the context of both, spatially correlated and high-dimensional data. To reduce the dimensionality of the predictor variables, we apply the sufficient dimension…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-06 Liliana Forzani , Rodrigo García Arancibia , Antonella Gieco , Pamela Llop , Anne Yao

Dimensionality reduction (DR) plays a vital role in the visual analysis of high-dimensional data. One main aim of DR is to reveal hidden patterns that lie on intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds. However, DR often overlooks important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Takanori Fujiwara , Yun-Hsin Kuo , Anders Ynnerman , Kwan-Liu Ma

Data compression can be achieved by reducing the dimensionality of high-dimensional but approximately low-rank datasets, which may in fact be described by the variation of a much smaller number of parameters. It often serves as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-03 Chao-Hua Yu , Fei Gao , Song Lin , Jingbo Wang

Unsupervised learning aims to capture the underlying structure of potentially large and high-dimensional datasets. Traditionally, this involves using dimensionality reduction (DR) methods to project data onto lower-dimensional spaces or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Hugues Van Assel , Cédric Vincent-Cuaz , Nicolas Courty , Rémi Flamary , Pascal Frossard , Titouan Vayer

Dimensionality Reduction (DR) methods are widely used to visualize high-dimensional data. One key task in DR-based analysis is discovering neighborhoods, which relies on analyzing the fine-grained local structure of a projection. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Diede P. M. van der Hoorn , Alessio Arleo , Fernando V. Paulovich

We propose a novel probabilistic dimensionality reduction framework that can naturally integrate the generative model and the locality information of data. Based on this framework, we present a new model, which is able to learn a smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-18 Li Wang

Dimensionality reduction is a common method for analyzing and visualizing high-dimensional data across domains. Dimensionality-reduction algorithms involve complex optimizations and the reduced dimensions computed by these algorithms…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Marco Cavallo , Çağatay Demiralp

Dimensionality reduction is a topic of recent interest. In this paper, we present the classification constrained dimensionality reduction (CCDR) algorithm to account for label information. The algorithm can account for multiple classes as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2009-09-29 Raviv Raich , Jose A. Costa , Steven B. Damelin , Alfred O. Hero

Most popular dimension reduction (DR) methods like t-SNE and UMAP are based on minimizing a cost between input and latent pairwise similarities. Though widely used, these approaches lack clear probabilistic foundations to enable a full…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-06 Hugues Van Assel , Thibault Espinasse , Julien Chiquet , Franck Picard

Different unsupervised models for dimensionality reduction like PCA, LLE, Shannon's mapping, tSNE, UMAP, etc. work on different principles, hence, they are difficult to compare on the same ground. Although they are usually good for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-10 Subhrajyoty Roy

Sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) is continuing an active research field nowadays for high dimensional data. It aims to estimate the central subspace (CS) without making distributional assumption. To overcome the large-$p$-small-$n$…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-22 Hung Hung , Su-Yun Huang

In this paper, the existing Scheduling Dimension Reduction (SDR) methods for Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) models are reviewed and a Deep Neural Network (DNN) approach is developed that achieves higher model accuracy under scheduling…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-10 P. J. W. Koelewijn , R. Tóth