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The performance of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL)-based Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS) is critically dependent on the relevance and quality of the datasets used for training and evaluation. However,…

Protecting against multi-step attacks of uncertain duration and timing forces defenders into an indefinite, always ongoing, resource-intensive response. To effectively allocate resources, a defender must be able to analyze multi-step…

IoT context-sharing platforms are an essential component of today's interconnected IoT deployments with their security affecting the entire deployment and the critical infrastructure adopting IoT. We report on a lack of systematic approach…

The paper presents an alignment evaluation between the mitigations present in the MITRE's ATT&CK framework and the essential cyber security requirements of the recently introduced Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) in the European Union. In…

This work evaluates the performance of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) extraction methods in identifying attack techniques from threat reports available on the web using the MITRE ATT&CK framework. We analyse four configurations utilising…

Cyber threat intelligence (CTI) encoded in STIX and structured according to the MITRE ATT&CK framework has become a global reference for describing adversary behavior. However, ATT&CK was designed as a descriptive knowledge base rather than…

Due to the ever-increasing threat of cyber-attacks to critical cyber infrastructure, organizations are focusing on building their cybersecurity knowledge base. A salient list of cybersecurity knowledge is the Common Vulnerabilities and…

The sophistication and complexity of cyber attacks and the variety of targeted platforms have been growing in recent years. Various adversaries are abusing an increasing range of platforms, e.g., enterprise platforms, mobile phones, PCs,…

The escalating frequency of cyber-attacks poses significant challenges for organisations, particularly small enterprises constrained by limited in-house expertise, insufficient knowledge, and financial resources. This research presents a…

The growing frequency of cyberattacks has heightened the demand for accurate and efficient threat detection systems. SIEM platforms are important for analyzing log data and detecting adversarial activities through rule-based queries, also…

This paper analyzes the reported threats to Industrial Control Systems (ICS)/Operational Technology (OT) and identifies common tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) used by threat actors. The paper then uses the MITRE ATT&CK framework…

Satellite systems are facing an ever-increasing amount of cybersecurity threats as their role in communications, navigation, and other services expands. Recent papers have examined attacks targeting satellites and space systems; however,…

The cybersecurity threat landscape is constantly actively making it imperative to develop sound frameworks to protect the IT structures. Based on this introduction, this paper aims to discuss the application of cybersecurity frameworks into…

Security conferences are important venues for information sharing, where academics and practitioners share knowledge about new attacks and state-of-the-art defenses. Despite their importance, researchers have not systematically examined who…

Identification of cyber threats is one of the essential tasks for security teams. Currently, cyber threats can be identified using knowledge organized into various formats, enumerations, and knowledge bases. This paper studies the current…

Machine Learning (ML) can be incredibly valuable to automate anomaly detection and cyber-attack classification, improving the way that Network Intrusion Detection (NID) is performed. However, despite the benefits of ML models, they are…

Numerous works study black-box attacks on image classifiers. However, these works make different assumptions on the adversary's knowledge and current literature lacks a cohesive organization centered around the threat model. To systematize…

Modern infrastructures rely on software systems that remain vulnerable to cyberattacks. These attacks frequently exploit vulnerabilities documented in repositories such as MITRE's Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE). However, Cyber…

Context and Motivation Attack-Defense Trees (ADTs) are a graphical notation used to model and assess security requirements. ADTs are widely popular, as they can facilitate communication between different stakeholders involved in system…

Industry standard frameworks are now widespread for labeling the high-level stages and granular actions of attacker and defender behavior in cyberspace. While these labels are used for atomic actions, and to some extent for sequences of…