English
Related papers

Related papers: Predicted Incrementality by Experimentation (PIE) …

200 papers

Text-to-image generative models, specifically those based on diffusion models like Imagen and Stable Diffusion, have made substantial advancements. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the delicate refinement of text prompts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Wenyi Mo , Tianyu Zhang , Yalong Bai , Bing Su , Ji-Rong Wen , Qing Yang

Causal excursion effect (CEE) characterizes the effect of an intervention under policies that deviate from the experimental policy. It is widely used to study the effect of time-varying interventions that have the potential to be frequently…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-14 Zhaoxi Cheng , Lauren Bell , Tianchen Qian

Randomized controlled trials (RCT) are the gold standard for evaluation of the efficacy and safety of investigational interventions. If every patient in an RCT were to adhere to the randomized treatment, one could simply analyze the…

Applications · Statistics 2020-06-08 Yongming Qu , Linda Shurzinske , Shanthi Sethuraman

In classical causal inference, inferring cause-effect relations from data relies on the assumption that units are independent and identically distributed. This assumption is violated in settings where units are related through a network of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Razieh Nabi , Joel Pfeiffer , Murat Ali Bayir , Denis Charles , Emre Kıcıman

This research presents an innovative and unique way of solving the advertisement prediction problem which is considered as a learning problem over the past several years. Online advertising is a multi-billion-dollar industry and is growing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-02-15 Muhammad Junaid Effendi , Syed Abbas Ali

Augmenting a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with external data may increase power at the risk of introducing bias. To select and analyze the experiment (RCT alone or combined with external data) with the optimal bias-variance tradeoff,…

Metrics based on percentile ranks (PRs) for measuring scholarly impact involves complex treatment because of various defects such as overvaluing or devaluing an object caused by percentile ranking schemes, ignoring precise citation…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2012-05-14 Ping Zhou , Yongfeng Zhong

Research must be reproducible in order to make an impact on science and to contribute to the body of knowledge in our field. Yet studies have shown that 70% of research from academic labs cannot be reproduced. In software engineering, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Clinton Woodson , Jane Huffman Hayes , Sarah Griffioen

We present Causal Posterior Estimation (CPE), a novel method for Bayesian inference in simulator models, i.e., models where the evaluation of the likelihood function is intractable or too computationally expensive, but where one can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Simon Dirmeier , Antonietta Mira

Selecting causal inference models for estimating individualized treatment effects (ITE) from observational data presents a unique challenge since the counterfactual outcomes are never observed. The problem is challenged further in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Trent Kyono , Ioana Bica , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar

Generalizing causal estimates in randomized experiments to a broader target population is essential for guiding decisions by policymakers and practitioners in the social and biomedical sciences. While recent papers developed various…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-03 Melody Huang , Naoki Egami , Erin Hartman , Luke Miratrix

Causal evidence is needed to act and it is often enough for the evidence to point towards a direction of the effect of an action. For example, policymakers might be interested in estimating the effect of slightly increasing taxes on private…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-11 Dominik Rothenhäusler , Bin Yu

Estimating Individual Treatment Effects (ITE) from observational data is challenging due to confounding bias. Most studies tackle this bias by balancing distributions globally, but ignore individual heterogeneity and fail to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Fuyuan Cao , Jiaxuan Zhang , Xiaoli Li

While randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for estimating causal treatment effects, their limited sample sizes and restrictive criteria make it difficult to extrapolate to a broader population. Observational data, while…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-09 Stephanie Riley , Ricardo Silva , Matthew Sperrin

The analysis of randomized controlled trials is often complicated by intercurrent events (IEs) -- events that occur after treatment initiation and affect either the interpretation or existence of outcome measurements. Examples include…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-07 Sizhu Lu , Yanyao Yi , Yongming Qu , Huayu Karen Liu , Ting Ye , Peng Ding

Covariate adjustment aims to improve the statistical efficiency of randomized trials by incorporating information from baseline covariates. Popular methods for covariate adjustment include analysis of covariance for continuous endpoints and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-09 Zhiwei Zhang , Ya Wang , Dong Xi

This study designs an adaptive experiment for efficiently estimating average treatment effects (ATEs). In each round of our adaptive experiment, an experimenter sequentially samples an experimental unit, assigns a treatment, and observes…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-21 Masahiro Kato , Akihiro Oga , Wataru Komatsubara , Ryo Inokuchi

This paper presents SPIE: a novel approach for semantic and structural post-training of instruction-based image editing diffusion models, addressing key challenges in alignment with user prompts and consistency with input images. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Elior Benarous , Yilun Du , Heng Yang

Propensity score methods were proposed by Rosenbaum and Rubin [Biometrika 70 (1983) 41--55] as central tools to help assess the causal effects of interventions. Since their introduction more than two decades ago, they have found wide…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Donald B. Rubin , Richard P. Waterman

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction models are integral to a myriad of industrial settings, such as personalized search advertising. Current methods typically involve feature extraction from users' historical behavior sequences combined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Lingwei Kong , Lu Wang , Changping Peng , Zhangang Lin , Ching Law , Jingping Shao