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Backdoor attacks pose a significant security vulnerability for deep neural networks (DNNs), enabling them to operate normally on clean inputs but manipulate predictions when specific trigger patterns occur. Currently, post-training backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yanghao Su , Jie Zhang , Ting Xu , Tianwei Zhang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Due to costly efforts during data acquisition and model training, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) belong to the intellectual property of the model creator. Hence, unauthorized use, theft, or modification may lead to legal repercussions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Torsten Krauß , Jasper Stang , Alexandra Dmitrienko

Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks (DNN) are vulnerable to adversarial samples: maliciously-perturbed samples crafted to yield incorrect model outputs. Such attacks can severely undermine DNN systems, particularly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-28 Ji Gao , Beilun Wang , Zeming Lin , Weilin Xu , Yanjun Qi

Deep neural networks are normally executed in the forward direction. However, in this work, we identify a vulnerability that enables models to be trained in both directions and on different tasks. Adversaries can exploit this capability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Guy Amit , Mosh Levy , Yisroel Mirsky

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to small adversarial perturbations, which are tiny changes to the input data that appear insignificant but cause the model to produce drastically different outputs. Many defense methods require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Sedjro Salomon Hotegni , Sebastian Peitz

This paper studies model-inversion attacks, in which the access to a model is abused to infer information about the training data. Since its first introduction, such attacks have raised serious concerns given that training data usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Yuheng Zhang , Ruoxi Jia , Hengzhi Pei , Wenxiao Wang , Bo Li , Dawn Song

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. A well-trained model can be easily attacked by adding small perturbations to the original data. One of the hypotheses of the existence of the adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Jiancong Xiao , Liusha Yang , Yanbo Fan , Jue Wang , Zhi-Quan Luo

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising performance in various real-world applications. Building a powerful GNN model is not a trivial task, as it requires a large amount of training data, powerful computing resources, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Jing Xu , Stefanos Koffas , Oguzhan Ersoy , Stjepan Picek

Machine learning models are shown to face a severe threat from Model Extraction Attacks, where a well-trained private model owned by a service provider can be stolen by an attacker pretending as a client. Unfortunately, prior works focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Bang Wu , Xiangwen Yang , Shirui Pan , Xingliang Yuan

Real-world datasets often have missing values associated with complex generative processes, where the cause of the missingness may not be fully observed. This is known as missing not at random (MNAR) data. However, many imputation methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Chao Ma , Cheng Zhang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become the essential components for various commercialized machine learning services, such as Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS). Recent studies show that machine learning services face severe privacy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Xiaoyong Yuan , Leah Ding , Lan Zhang , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu

With substantial amount of time, resources and human (team) efforts invested to explore and develop successful deep neural networks (DNN), there emerges an urgent need to protect these inventions from being illegally copied, redistributed,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Lixin Fan , Kam Woh Ng , Chee Seng Chan

Foundation models (FMs) for computer vision learn rich and robust representations, enabling their adaptation to task/domain-specific deployments with little to no fine-tuning. However, we posit that the very same strength can make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Ankita Raj , Deepankar Varma , Chetan Arora

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are widely deployed in industry, making their intellectual property valuable. However, protecting GNNs from unauthorized use remains a challenge. Watermarking offers a solution by embedding ownership information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jane Downer , Yingdan Shi , Ziyan Liu , Ren Wang , Binghui Wang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been used in digital forensics to identify fake facial images. We investigated several DNN-based forgery forensics models (FFMs) to examine whether they are secure against adversarial attacks. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Rong Huang , Fuming Fang , Huy H. Nguyen , Junichi Yamagishi , Isao Echizen

Model watermarking techniques can embed watermark information into the protected model for ownership declaration by constructing specific input-output pairs. However, existing watermarks are easily removed when facing model stealing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yunfei Yang , Xiaojun Chen , Yuexin Xuan , Zhendong Zhao , Xin Zhao , He Li

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have shown remarkable performance in a diverse range of machine learning applications. However, it is widely known that DNNs are vulnerable to simple adversarial perturbations, which causes the model to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Gihyuk Ko , Gyumin Lim

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are gaining higher commercial values in computer vision applications, e.g., image classification, video analytics, etc. This calls for urgent demands of the intellectual property (IP) protection of DNN models. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Xiaoxuan Lou , Shangwei Guo , Jiwei Li , Tianwei Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are often vulnerable to adversarial examples.Several proposed defenses deploy an ensemble of models with the hope that, although the individual models may be vulnerable, an adversary will not be able to find an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Mainuddin Ahmad Jonas , David Evans

Machine learning (ML) models are applied in an increasing variety of domains. The availability of large amounts of data and computational resources encourages the development of ever more complex and valuable models. These models are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Franziska Boenisch