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High precision radial velocity (RV) measurements have been central in the study of exoplanets during the last two decades, from the early discovery of hot Jupiters, to the recent mass measurements of Earth-sized planets uncovered by transit…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-02 Étienne Artigau , Lison Malo , René Doyon , Pedro Figueira , Xavier Delfosse , Nicola Astudillo-Defru

Variability in the light curves of spotted, rotating stars is often non-sinusoidal and quasi-periodic --- spots move on the stellar surface and have finite lifetimes, causing stellar flux variations to slowly shift in phase. A strictly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 Ruth Angus , Timothy Morton , Suzanne Aigrain , Daniel Foreman-Mackey , Vinesh Rajpaul

We investigate the radial velocity variation of GJ 581 based on measurements from the HARPS and Keck HIRES spectrographs. A Fourier pre-whitening procedure is able to extract four planetary signals in the HARPS data and two from the Keck…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Artie P. Hatzes

More than 450 extrasolar planets are known to date. To detect these intriguing objects, many photometric and radial velocity (RV) surveys are in progress. We developed the Keplerian FITting (KFIT) code, to model published and available RV…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-06 A. Rozenkiewicz , K. Gozdziewski , C. Migaszewski

Changes in levels of stellar activity can mimic absorption signatures in transmission spectra from circumplanetary material. The frequency and magnitude of these changes is thus important to understand in order to attribute any particular…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-05 P. Wilson Cauley , Seth Redfield , Adam G. Jensen

One of the most effective ways to test stellar evolutionary models is to measure dynamical masses for binary systems at a range of temperatures. In this paper, we present orbits of three young K+M binary systems in Taurus (Hubble~4, FF~Tau,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-12 Aaron C Rizzuto , Trent J. Dupuy , Michael J. Ireland , Adam L. Kraus

The disc around PDS 70 hosts two directly imaged protoplanets in a gap. Previous VLT/SPHERE and recent James Webb Space Telescope/NIRCam observations have hinted at the presence of a third compact source in the same gap at ~13 au, interior…

The removal of noise typically correlated in time and wavelength is one of the main challenges for using the radial velocity method to detect Earth analogues. We analyze radial velocity data of tau Ceti and find robust evidence for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-13 Fabo Feng , Mikko Tuomi , Hugh R. A. Jones , John Barnes , Guillem Anglada-Escude , Steven S. Vogt , R. Paul Butler

Since the discovery of the transiting super-Earth CoRoT-7b, several investigations have yielded different results for the number and masses of planets present in the system, mainly owing to the star's high level of activity. We re-observed…

Although all-sky surveys have led to the discovery of dozens of young planets, little is known about their atmospheres. Here, we present multi-wavelength transit data for the super Neptune-sized exoplanet, K2-33b -- the youngest (~10 Myr)…

This work is part of an ongoing project which aims to detect terrestrial planets in our neighbouring star system $\alpha$ Centauri using the Doppler method. Owing to the small angular separation between the two components of the $\alpha$…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-22 Christoph Bergmann , Michael Endl , John B. Hearnshaw , Robert A. Wittenmyer , Duncan J. Wright

Effective temperatures, surface gravities, and iron abundances were derived for 109 stars observed by the K2 mission using equivalent width measurements of Fe I and Fe II lines. Calculations were carried out in LTE using Kurucz model…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-19 V. Loaiza-Tacuri , Katia Cunha , Verne V. Smith , F. Quispe-Huaynasi , Ellen Costa-Almeida , Luan Ghezzi , Jorge Melendez

Hundreds of candidate hybrid pulsators of intermediate type A-F were revealed by the recent space missions. Hybrid pulsators allow to study the full stellar interiors, where p- and g-modes are simultaneously excited. The true hybrid stars…

M dwarf stars are the most promising hosts for detection and characterization of small and potentially habitable planets, and provide leverage relative to solar-type stars to test models of planet formation and evolution. Using \emph{Gaia}…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-16 Eric Gaidos , Aleezah Ali , Adam L. Kraus , Jason F. Rowe

In recent years, day-side emission from about a dozen hot Jupiters has been detected through ground-based secondary eclipse observations in the near-infrared. These near-infrared observations are vital for determining the energy budgets of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-16 E. J. W. de Mooij , M. Brogi , R. J. de Kok , I. A. G. Snellen , M. A. Kenworthy , R. Karjalainen

JWST's unprecedented sensitivity enables precise spectrophotometric monitoring of substellar worlds, revealing atmospheric variability driven by mechanisms operating across different pressure levels. This same precision now permits…

We measured the chromospheric activity of the four hot Jupiter hosts WASP-43, WASP-51/HAT-P-30, WASP-72 & WASP-103 to search for anomalous values caused by the close-in companions. The Mount Wilson Ca II H&K S-index was calculated for each…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-13 D. Staab , C. A. Haswell , Gareth D. Smith , L. Fossati , J. R. Barnes , R. Busuttil , J. S. Jenkins

Results of photometric surveys have brought to light the existence of a population of giant planets orbiting their host stars even closer than the hot Jupiters (HJ), with orbital periods below 3 days. The reason why radial velocity surveys…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 C. Melo , N. C. Santos , F. Pont , T. Guillot , G. Israelian , M. Mayor , D. Queloz , S. Udry

We report parallaxes and proper motions from the Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program for eight nearby M dwarf stars with transiting exoplanets discovered by Kepler. We combine our directly measured distances with mass-luminosity and…