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We use time-resolved momentum microscopy at a free-electron laser (FEL) and extend orbital tomography into the time domain to image the electronic wave functions of excited molecular orbitals. This technique provides unprecedented insight…

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on strong-field ionization of a three-dimensionally oriented asymmetric top molecule, benzonitrile (C$_7$H$_5$N), by circularly polarized, nonresonant femtosecond laser pulses. Prior…

We present the main features of the electronic structure of the heavy atoms that is best of all seen in photoionization. We acknowledge how important was and still is investigation of the interaction between low- and high frequency lasers…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. Ya. Amusia

Ionization and excitation of water molecules in intense laser pulses is studied theoretically by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent electronic Schr\"odinger equation within the single-active-electron approximation. The possibility…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2011-12-13 Simon Petretti , Alejandro Saenz , Alberto Castro , Piero Decleva

We theoretically study the process of photoelectron emission of the Helium atom by a high-intensity short-wavelength laser at a resonance condition of the residual singly charged ion. Photoionization followed by strong resonance coupling in…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2014-01-14 Song Bin Zhang , Nina Rohringer

We are concerned with improving the diagnostic potential of the K lines and edges of elements with low cosmic abundances that are observed in the X-ray spectra of supernova remnants, galaxy clusters and accreting black holes and neutron…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 C. Mendoza , M. A. Bautista , P. Palmeri , P. Quinet , M. C. Witthoeft , T. R. Kallman

The toolbox for imaging molecules is well-equipped today. Some techniques visualize the geometrical structure, others the electron density or electron orbitals. Molecules are many-body systems for which the correlation between the…

Ultrafast diffraction imaging is a powerful tool to retrieve the geometric structure of gas-phase molecules with combined picometre spatial and attosecond temporal resolution. However, structural retrieval becomes progressively difficult…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Xinyao Liu , Kasra Amini , Aurelien Sanchez , Blanca Belsa , Tobias Steinle , Jens Biegert

We theoretically study how time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy can be applied for imaging coherent electron dynamics in molecules. We consider a process in which a pump pulse triggers coherent electronic dynamics in a…

Optics · Physics 2018-12-11 Daria Popova-Gorelova , Jochen Küpper , Robin Santra

We have investigated the angle-resolved ATI spectrum of oriented molecules in the IR+XUV co-rotating circular laser fields. According to the different roles of IR and XUV laser in the ionization process, we purposefully adjust the photon…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Yu-Hong Li , Facheng Jin , Yujun Yang , Fei Li , Ying-Chun Guo , Zhi-Yi Wei , Jing Chen , Xiaojun Liu , Bingbing Wang

Photoemission orbital tomography (POT) is a powerful tool for investigating the orbitals and electronic band structure of oriented layers of organic molecules. In many cases, POT allows conclusions to be drawn regarding the geometric…

We present a time-dependent density-functional method able to describe the photoelectron spectrum of atoms and molecules when excited by laser pulses. This computationally feasible scheme is based on a geometrical partitioning that…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-06-28 U. De Giovannini , D. Varsano , M. A. L. Marques , H. Appel , E. K. U. Gross , A. Rubio

Laser-induced electron diffraction is an evolving tabletop method, which aims to image ultrafast structural changes in gas-phase polyatomic molecules with sub-{\AA}ngstr\"om spatial and femtosecond temporal resolution. Here, we provide the…

The ionization by photon or electron impact of the inner (2a1) and outer (1t2) valence orbitals of the CH4 molecule is investigated theoretically. In spite of a number of approximations, including a monocentric approach and a rather simple…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Abdallah Ammar , Arnaud Leclerc , Lorenzo Ugo Ancarani

The requirement of high space-time resolution and brightness is a great challenge for imaging atomic motion and making molecular movies. Important breakthroughs in ultrabright tabletop laser, x-ray and electron sources have enabled the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-02-10 Ming Zhang , Zhenning Guo , Xiaoyu Mi , Zheng Li , Yunquan Liu

We formulate a computationally efficient time-independent method based on the multi-electron molecular R-matrix formalism. This method is used to calculate transition matrix elements for the multi-photon ionization of atoms and molecules…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-05-10 Jakub Benda , Zdeněk Mašín

Measuring and controlling the ionization dynamics by intense laser fields has recently led to important breakthroughs, from the investigation of tunneling time delays to attosecond molecular imaging by electron holography. In these…

Strong field photoemission and electron recollision provide a viable route to extract electronic and nuclear dynamics from molecular targets with attosecond temporal resolution. However, since an {\em ab-initio} treatment of even the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-11-02 N. Suárez , A. Chacón , M. F. Ciappina , B. Wolter , J. Biegert , M. Lewenstein

When optically excited, iodine absorbs in the 490- to 650-nm visible region of the spectrum and, after radiative relaxation, it displays an emission spectrum of discrete vibrational bands at moderate resolution. This makes laser-induced…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-07-10 S. B. Bayram , M. V. Freamat

Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) allows to image single molecules decoupled from the supporting substrate. The obtained images are routinely interpreted as the square moduli of molecular orbitals, dressed by the mean-field…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-01-04 Dimitrios Toroz , Massimo Rontani , Stefano Corni