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Theoretically, the three-dimensional (3D) array architecture provides a higher communication degree of freedom (DoF) compared to the planar arrays, allowing for greater capacity potential in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems.…

Future wireless systems are likely to adopt extremely large aperture arrays to achieve higher throughput, wider coverage, and higher spatial resolution. Conventional wireless systems predominantly operate in the far field (FF) of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-10 Shu Sun , Renwang Li , Chong Han , Xingchen Liu , Liuxun Xue , Meixia Tao

A multiplicity of autonomous terminals simultaneously transmits data streams to a compact array of antennas. The array uses imperfect channel-state information derived from transmitted pilots to extract the individual data streams. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-05-23 Hien Quoc Ngo , Erik G. Larsson , Thomas L. Marzetta

Multiple-input multiple-output has been a key technology for wireless systems for decades. For typical MIMO communication systems, antenna array elements are usually separated by half of the carrier wavelength, thus termed as conventional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-06 Huizhi Wang , Chao Feng , Yong Zeng , Shi Jin , Chau Yuen , Bruno Clerckx , Rui Zhang

The performance of near-field sensing (NISE) in a legacy wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system is analyzed. The maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) for the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zhaolin Wang , Xidong Mu , Yuanwei Liu

The secrecy performance in both near-field and far-field communications is analyzed using two fundamental metrics: the secrecy capacity under a power constraint and the minimum power requirement to achieve a specified secrecy rate target.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Boqun Zhao , Chongjun Ouyang , Xingqi Zhang , Yuanwei Liu

A novel dynamic hybrid beamforming architecture is proposed to achieve the spatial multiplexing-power consumption tradeoff for near-field multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks, where each radio frequency (RF) chain is connected to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Zheng Zhang , Yuanwei Liu , Zhaolin Wang , Jian Chen , Tony Q. S. Quek

Interference alignment allows multiple users to share the same frequency and time resource in a wireless communications system. At present, two performance bounds, in terms of degree of freedom, have been proposed. One is for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-02 Feng Ouyang

This paper investigates the performance of optimal single stream beamforming schemes in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) systems. Assuming channel state information is not available at the source and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Caijun Zhong , Tharm Ratnarajah , Shi Jin , Kai Kit Wong

This paper compares the sensing performance of a narrowband near-field system across several practical antenna array geometries and SIMO/MISO and MIMO configurations. For identical transmit and receive apertures, MIMO processing is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Marcin Wachowiak , André Bourdoux , Sofie Pollin

The holographic multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communications refer to the MIMO systems built with ultra-dense antenna arrays, whose channel models and potential applications have attracted increasing attentions recently. When the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Shuai S. A. Yuan , Xiaoming Chen , Chongwen Huang , Wei E. I. Sha

The number of spatial degrees of freedom (NDoF) and channel strength in antenna systems are examined within a geometric framework. Starting from a correlation-operator representation of the channel between transmitter and receiver regions,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Mats Gustafsson , Yaniv Brick

The present paper studies the asymptotic performance of multi-hop amplify-and-forward relay multiple-antenna communication channels. Each multi-antenna terminal in the network amplifies the received signal, sent by a source, and retransmits…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-24 Maksym A. Girnyk , Mikko Vehkaperä , Lars K. Rasmussen

This paper investigated the uplink of multi-user massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems with a mixed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) receiver architecture, in which some antennas are equipped with costly full-resolution ADCs and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-02 Weiqiang Tan , Shi Jin , Chaokai Wen , Yindi Jing

In this paper, we study the secure degrees-of-freedom (SDoF) characterization for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) X channel with confidential messages and delayed CSIT. In particular, we propose a transmission scheme, which can be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Tong Zhang , Rui Wang

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system has been the defining mobile communications technology in recent generations. With the ever-increasing demands looming towards the sixth generation (6G), we are in need of additional degrees of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Wee Kiat New , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Xu , Kin-Fai Tong , Chan-Byoung Chae

In this paper, the performance of an underlay multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cognitive radio system is analytically studied. In particular, the secondary transmitter operates in a spatial multiplexing transmission mode, while a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Nikolaos I. Miridakis , Theodoros A. Tsiftsis , George C. Alexandropoulos

A Cell-Free Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) system comprises a very large number of distributed access points (APs)which simultaneously serve a much smaller number of users over the same time/frequency resources based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Hien Quoc Ngo , Alexei Ashikhmin , Hong Yang , Erik G. Larsson , Thomas L. Marzetta

Assume that a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system must be designed to cover a given area with maximal energy efficiency (bit/Joule). What are the optimal values for the number of antennas, active users, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-02 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti , Jakob Hoydis , Mérouane Debbah

This paper studies a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system where its access points (APs) and users are equipped with multiple antennas. Two transmission protocols are considered. In the first transmission protocol,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Trang C. Mai , Hien Quoc Ngo , Trung Q. Duong