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In this work, we introduce TUNeS (Temporal UNet emulator for Structure formation), a neural network framework for accelerating N-body simulations by predicting the nonlinear evolution of the matter density field from an initial particle…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Yuqi Kang , Hu Bin , Dongxing Li , Jan Hamann

Cosmologists aim to model the evolution of initially low amplitude Gaussian density fluctuations into the highly non-linear "cosmic web" of galaxies and clusters. They aim to compare simulations of this structure formation process with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Renan Alves de Oliveira , Yin Li , Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro , Shirley Ho , David N. Spergel

A novel method images to estimate cosmological parameters based on images is presented. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for constraining the mass of dark matter particle. For this purpose, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-08 Koya Murakami , Atsushi J. Nishizawa

Understanding the universe is hampered by the elusiveness of its most common constituent, cold dark matter. Almost impossible to observe, dark matter can be studied effectively by means of simulation and there is probably no other research…

Cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, while the current state-of-the art methodology for generating theoretical predictions for the large scale structures of the Universe, are among the most expensive simulation tools, requiring upwards…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-05 Antoine Bourdin , Ronan Legin , Matthew Ho , Alexandre Adam , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

The properties of the matter density field in the initial conditions have a decisive impact on the features of the large-scale structure of the Universe as observed today. These need to be studied via $N$-body simulations, which are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-21 Jazhiel Chacón , Isidro Gómez-Vargas , Ricardo Menchaca Méndez , José Alberto Vázquez

A major aim of cosmological surveys is to test deviations from the standard $\Lambda$CDM model, but the full scientific value of these surveys will only be realised through efficient simulation methods that keep up with the increasing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-06 Yash Gondhalekar , Sownak Bose , Baojiu Li , Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro

Simulation-based inference (SBI) enables cosmological parameter estimation when closed-form likelihoods or models are unavailable. However, SBI relies on machine learning for neural compression and density estimation. This requires large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-29 Alex A. Saoulis , Davide Piras , Niall Jeffrey , Alessio Spurio Mancini , Ana M. G. Ferreira , Benjamin Joachimi

Using the N-body simulations of the AEMULUS Project, we construct an emulator for the non-linear clustering of galaxies in real and redshift space. We construct our model of galaxy bias using the halo occupation framework, accounting for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-03 Zhongxu Zhai , Jeremy L. Tinker , Matthew R. Becker , Joseph DeRose , Yao-Yuan Mao , Thomas McClintock , Sean McLaughlin , Eduardo Rozo , Risa H. Wechsler

We present a new high-resolution N-body algorithm for cosmological simulations. The algorithm employs a traditional particle-mesh technique on a cubic grid and successive multilevel relaxations on the finer meshes, introduced recursively in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Andrey V. Kravtsov , Anatoly A. Klypin , Alexei M. Khokhlov

We present a new suite of over 1,500 cosmological N-body simulations with varied Warm Dark Matter (WDM) models ranging from 2.5 to 30 keV. We use these simulations to train Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to infer WDM particle masses…

N-body simulations are essential tools in physical cosmology to understand the large-scale structure (LSS) formation of the Universe. Large-scale simulations with high resolution are important for exploring the substructure of universe and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-10-22 Shenggan Cheng , Hao-Ran Yu , Derek Inman , Qiucheng Liao , Qiaoya Wu , James Lin

Upcoming Large Scale Structure surveys aim to achieve an unprecedented level of precision in measuring galaxy clustering. However, accurately modeling these statistics may require theoretical templates that go beyond second-order…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-21 M. Icaza-Lizaola , Yong-Seon Song , Minji Oh , Yi Zheng

Cosmological simulations play a crucial role in elucidating the effect of physical parameters on the statistics of fields and on constraining parameters given information on density fields. We leverage diffusion generative models to address…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 Nayantara Mudur , Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro , Douglas P. Finkbeiner

We use the emulation framework CosmoPower to construct and publicly release neural network emulators of cosmological observables, including the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization power spectra, matter power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-06 Boris Bolliet , Alessio Spurio Mancini , J. Colin Hill , Mathew Madhavacheril , Hidde T. Jense , Erminia Calabrese , Jo Dunkley

Accurate thermal emission models of neutron stars are essential for constraining the dense matter equation of state. However, incorporating realistic magnetic field structures is computationally prohibitive, severely constraining feasible…

We propose a lightweight deep convolutional neural network (lCNN) to estimate cosmological parameters from simulated three-dimensional dark matter (DM) halo distributions and associated statistics. The training dataset comprises 2000…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-20 Zhiwei Min , Xu Xiao , Jiacheng Ding , Liang Xiao , Jie Jiang , Donglin Wu , Qiufan Lin , Yang Wang , Shuai Liu , Zhixin Chen , Xiangru Li , Jinqu Zhang , Le Zhang , Xiao-Dong Li

The set-up of the initial conditions in cosmological N-body simulations is usually implemented by rescaling the desired low-redshift linear power spectrum to the required starting redshift consistently with the Newtonian evolution of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Matteo Zennaro , Julien Bel , Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro , Carmelita Carbone , Emiliano Sefusatti , Luigi Guzzo

We perform an ensemble of $N$-body simulations with $2048^3$ particles for 101 flat $w$CDM cosmological models sampled based on a maximin-distance Sliced Latin Hypercube Design. By using the halo catalogs extracted at multiple redshifts in…

We present a machine-learning model for generating super-resolution $N$-body simulations with non-vanishing spatial curvature, conditioned on a given low-resolution field, $\Omega_k$, $\Omega_\mathrm{m}$, $\sigma_8$, $h$, and redshift. By…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Dennis Fremstad , Julian Adamek , David F. Mota