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Latent space Energy-Based Models (EBMs), also known as energy-based priors, have drawn growing interests in generative modeling. Fueled by its flexibility in the formulation and strong modeling power of the latent space, recent works built…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Peiyu Yu , Sirui Xie , Xiaojian Ma , Baoxiong Jia , Bo Pang , Ruiqi Gao , Yixin Zhu , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

Energy-based models (EBMs) are versatile density estimation models that directly parameterize an unnormalized log density. Although very flexible, EBMs lack a specified normalization constant of the model, making the likelihood of the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Louis Grenioux , Éric Moulines , Marylou Gabrié

Optimal transport (OT) is a widely used technique for distribution alignment, with applications throughout the machine learning, graphics, and vision communities. Without any additional structural assumptions on trans-port, however, OT can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Chi-Heng Lin , Mehdi Azabou , Eva L. Dyer

Embedding high-dimensional data into a low-dimensional space is an indispensable component of data analysis. In numerous applications, it is necessary to align and jointly embed multiple datasets from different studies or experimental…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-03 Boris Landa , Yuval Kluger , Rong Ma

Recently, Neural Topic Models (NTMs) inspired by variational autoencoders have obtained increasingly research interest due to their promising results on text analysis. However, it is usually hard for existing NTMs to achieve good document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-01 He Zhao , Dinh Phung , Viet Huynh , Trung Le , Wray Buntine

We study the use of amortized optimization to predict optimal transport (OT) maps from the input measures, which we call Meta OT. This helps repeatedly solve similar OT problems between different measures by leveraging the knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Brandon Amos , Samuel Cohen , Giulia Luise , Ievgen Redko

Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) architectures are the most popular design for language modeling. Energy-based modeling is a different paradigm that views inference as a dynamical process operating on an energy landscape. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Nima Dehmamy , Benjamin Hoover , Bishwajit Saha , Leo Kozachkov , Jean-Jacques Slotine , Dmitry Krotov

Optimal transport (OT) has gained popularity due to its various applications in fields such as machine learning, statistics, and signal processing. However, the balanced mass requirement limits its performance in practical problems. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Yikun Bai , Ivan Medri , Rocio Diaz Martin , Rana Muhammad Shahroz Khan , Soheil Kolouri

Optimal Transport (OT) naturally arises in many machine learning applications, yet the heavy computational burden limits its wide-spread uses. To address the scalability issue, we propose an implicit generative learning-based framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Yujia Xie , Minshuo Chen , Haoming Jiang , Tuo Zhao , Hongyuan Zha

With the discovery of Wasserstein GANs, Optimal Transport (OT) has become a powerful tool for large-scale generative modeling tasks. In these tasks, OT cost is typically used as the loss for training GANs. In contrast to this approach, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Litu Rout , Alexander Korotin , Evgeny Burnaev

How the brain performs credit assignment is a fundamental unsolved problem in neuroscience. Many `biologically plausible' algorithms have been proposed, which compute gradients that approximate those computed by backpropagation (BP), and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Beren Millidge , Yuhang Song , Tommaso Salvatori , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Rafal Bogacz

Machine learning (ML) algorithms have emerged in many meteorological applications. However, these algorithms struggle to extrapolate beyond the data they were trained on, i.e., they may adopt faulty strategies that lead to catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Nathan Mitchell , Lander Ver Hoef , Imme Ebert-Uphoff , Kristina Moen , Kyle Hilburn , Yoonjin Lee , Emily J. King

The design of artificial neural networks (ANNs) is inspired by the structure of the human brain, and in turn, ANNs offer a potential means to interpret and understand brain signals. Existing methods primarily align brain signals with…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-08 Yang Xiao , Wang Lu , Jie Ji , Ruimeng Ye , Gen Li , Xiaolong Ma , Bo Hui

Optimal Transport (OT) problem aims to find a transport plan that bridges two distributions while minimizing a given cost function. OT theory has been widely utilized in generative modeling. In the beginning, OT distance has been used as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Jaemoo Choi , Jaewoong Choi , Myungjoo Kang

Optimal transport (OT) and Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) alignment are powerful frameworks for geometrically driven matching of probability distributions, yet their large-scale usage is hampered by high statistical and computational costs.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Tao Wang , Ziv Goldfeld

Optimal transport (OT) aims to find a map $T$ that transports mass from one probability measure to another while minimizing a cost function. Recently, neural OT solvers have gained popularity in high dimensional biological applications such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Peter Chen , Yue Xie , Qingpeng Zhang

This paper presents a modeling and optimization framework to minimize the energy consumption of a fully electric powertrain by optimizing its design and control strategies whilst explicitly accounting for the thermal behavior of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-13 Mouleeswar Konda , Theo Hofman , Mauro Salazar

Energy-based models (EBMs) have become increasingly popular within computer vision in recent years. While they are commonly employed for generative image modeling, recent work has applied EBMs also for regression tasks, achieving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Martin Danelljan , Radu Timofte , Thomas B. Schön

Optimal Transport (OT) has recently emerged as a central tool in data sciences to compare in a geometrically faithful way point clouds and more generally probability distributions. The wide adoption of OT into existing data analysis and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-18 Thibault Séjourné , Gabriel Peyré , François-Xavier Vialard

This paper addresses optimal battery thermal management (BTM), charging, and eco-driving of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) with the goal of improving its grid-to-meter energy efficiency. Thus, an optimisation problem is formulated, aiming…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-04 Ahad Hamednia , Nikolce Murgovski , Jonas Fredriksson , Jimmy Forsman , Mitra Pourabdollah , Viktor Larsson