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The present study proposes a deep learning model, named DeepSleepNet, for automatic sleep stage scoring based on raw single-channel EEG. Most of the existing methods rely on hand-engineered features which require prior knowledge of sleep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-07 Akara Supratak , Hao Dong , Chao Wu , Yike Guo

Transfer learning, a technique commonly used in generative artificial intelligence, allows neural network models to bring prior knowledge to bear when learning a new task. This study demonstrates that transfer learning significantly…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-03 William G Coon , Diego Luna , Akshita Panagrahi , Matthew Reid , Mattson Ogg

In practical sleep stage classification, a key challenge is the variability of EEG data across different subjects and environments. Differences in physiology, age, health status, and recording conditions can lead to domain shifts between…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-08 Siyuan Zhao , Chenyu Liu , Yi Ding , Xinliang Zhou

Purpose: In sleep medicine, assessing the evolution of a subject's sleep often involves the costly manual scoring of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. In recent years, a number of Deep Learning approaches have been proposed to automate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-29 Mathieu Seraphim , Alexis Lechervy , Florian Yger , Luc Brun , Olivier Etard

Accurate classification of sleep stages based on bio-signals is fundamental not only for automatic sleep stage annotation, but also for clinical health management and continuous sleep monitoring. Traditionally, this task relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jingyu Li , Tiehua Zhang , Jinze Wang , Yi Zhang , Yuhuan Li , Yifan Zhao , Zhishu Shen , Libing Wu , Jiannan Liu

Introduction: This study presents FetalSleepNet, the first published deep learning approach to classifying sleep states from the ovine electroencephalogram (EEG). Fetal EEG is complex to acquire and difficult and laborious to interpret…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Weitao Tang , Johann Vargas-Calixto , Nasim Katebi , Nhi Tran , Sharmony B. Kelly , Gari D. Clifford , Robert Galinsky , Faezeh Marzbanrad

Background: Despite recent significant progress in the development of automatic sleep staging methods, building a good model still remains a big challenge for sleep studies with a small cohort due to the data-variability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Huy Phan , Oliver Y. Chén , Philipp Koch , Zongqing Lu , Ian McLoughlin , Alfred Mertins , Maarten De Vos

Objective: With the rapid rise of wearable sleep monitoring devices with non-conventional electrode configurations, there is a need for automated algorithms that can perform sleep staging on configurations with small amounts of labeled…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-04 Elisabeth R. M. Heremans , Huy Phan , Amir H. Ansari , Pascal Borzée , Bertien Buyse , Dries Testelmans , Maarten De Vos

Study Objectives: Sleep stage scoring is performed manually by sleep experts and is prone to subjective interpretation of scoring rules with low intra- and interscorer reliability. Many automatic systems rely on few small-scale databases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Alexander Neergaard Olesen , Poul Jennum , Emmanuel Mignot , Helge B D Sorensen

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a common base signal used to monitor brain activity and diagnose sleep disorders. Manual sleep stage scoring is a time-consuming task for sleep experts and is limited by inter-rater reliability. In this paper,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-19 Sajad Mousavi , Fatemeh Afghah , U. Rajendra Acharya

Datasets in sleep science present challenges for machine learning algorithms due to differences in recording setups across clinics. We investigate two deep transfer learning strategies for overcoming the channel mismatch problem for cases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Alexander Neergaard Olesen , Poul Jennum , Emmanuel Mignot , Helge B. D. Sorensen

Transfer learning allows practitioners to recognize and apply knowledge learned in previous tasks (source task) to new tasks or new domains (target task), which share some commonality. The two important factors impacting the performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Michael Bernico , Yuntao Li , Dingchao Zhang

We introduce an innovative approach to automated sleep stage classification using EOG signals, addressing the discomfort and impracticality associated with EEG data acquisition. In addition, it is important to note that this approach is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Suvadeep Maiti , Shivam Kumar Sharma , Raju S. Bapi

Transfer learning leverages pre-trained model features from a large dataset to save time and resources when training new models for various tasks, potentially enhancing performance. Due to the lack of large datasets in the medical imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-10 Gabriel Efrain Humpire-Mamani , Colin Jacobs , Mathias Prokop , Bram van Ginneken , Nikolas Lessmann

Accurate classification of sleep stages from less obtrusive sensor measurements such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) or photoplethysmogram (PPG) could enable important applications in sleep medicine. Existing approaches to this problem have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Jonathan F. Carter , Lionel Tarassenko

Pathology diagnosis based on EEG signals and decoding brain activity holds immense importance in understanding neurological disorders. With the advancement of artificial intelligence methods and machine learning techniques, the potential…

Accurate classification of sleep stages is crucial for the diagnosis and management of sleep disorders. Conventional approaches for sleep scoring rely on manual annotation or features extracted from EEG signals in the time or frequency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Mehdi Zekriyapanah Gashti , Ghasem Farjamnia

Efficiently identifying sleep stages is crucial for unraveling the intricacies of sleep in both preclinical and clinical research. The labor-intensive nature of manual sleep scoring, demanding substantial expertise, has prompted a surge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Shadi Sartipi , Mie Andersen , Natalie Hauglund , Celia Kjaerby , Verena Untiet , Maiken Nedergaard , Mujdat Cetin

Automatic sleep stage scoring is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders. Although deep learning models have advanced the field, many existing models are computationally demanding and designed for single-channel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhaowen Wang , Dongdong Zhou , Qi Xu , Fengyu Cong , Mohammad Al-Sa'd , Jenni Raitoharju

While analytics of sleep electroencephalography (EEG) holds certain advantages over other methods in clinical applications, high variability across subjects poses a significant challenge when it comes to deploying machine learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Manoj Vishwanath , Steven Cao , Nikil Dutt , Amir M. Rahmani , Miranda M. Lim , Hung Cao
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