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Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) with reward models has advanced alignment of generative models to human aesthetic and perceptual preferences. However, jointly optimizing multiple rewards often incurs an alignment tax,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Chieh-Yun Chen , Zhonghao Wang , Qi Chen , Zhifan Ye , Min Shi , Yue Zhao , Yinan Zhao , Hui Qu , Wei-An Lin , Yiru Shen , Ajinkya Kale , Irfan Essa , Humphrey Shi

Common image editing tasks typically adopt powerful generative diffusion models as the leading paradigm for real-world content editing. Meanwhile, although reinforcement learning (RL) methods such as Diffusion-DPO and Flow-GRPO have further…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Fan Li , Chonghuinan Wang , Lina Lei , Yuping Qiu , Jiaqi Xu , Jiaxiu Jiang , Xinran Qin , Zhikai Chen , Fenglong Song , Zhixin Wang , Renjing Pei , Wangmeng Zuo

Recent studies have demonstrated the exceptional potentials of leveraging human preference datasets to refine text-to-image generative models, enhancing the alignment between generated images and textual prompts. Despite these advances,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Furu Wei

Contemporary image generation systems have achieved high fidelity and superior aesthetic quality beyond basic text-image alignment. However, existing evaluation frameworks have failed to evolve in parallel. This study reveals that human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Ying Ba , Tianyu Zhang , Yalong Bai , Wenyi Mo , Tao Liang , Bing Su , Ji-Rong Wen

Recent text-guided image editing (TIE) models have achieved remarkable progress, however, many edited results still suffer from artifacts, unintended modifications, and suboptimal aesthetics. Although several benchmarks and evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Honghua Chen , Zitong Xu , Huiyu Duan , Xinyun Zhang , Xiongkuo Min , Guangtao Zhai

Incorporating human feedback has been shown to be crucial to align text generated by large language models to human preferences. We hypothesize that state-of-the-art instructional image editing models, where outputs are generated based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Shu Zhang , Xinyi Yang , Yihao Feng , Can Qin , Chia-Chih Chen , Ning Yu , Zeyuan Chen , Huan Wang , Silvio Savarese , Stefano Ermon , Caiming Xiong , Ran Xu

Despite recent progress in text-to-image (T2I) generation, existing models often struggle to faithfully capture user intentions from short and under-specified prompts. While prior work has attempted to enhance prompts using large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mingrui Wu , Lu Wang , Pu Zhao , Fangkai Yang , Jianjin Zhang , Jianfeng Liu , Yuefeng Zhan , Weihao Han , Hao Sun , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Qingwei Lin , Weiwei Deng , Dongmei Zhang , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang , Rongrong Ji

Recent text-to-image (T2I) models generate semantically coherent images from textual prompts, yet evaluating how well they align with individual user preferences remains an open challenge. Conventional evaluation methods, general reward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Jeongeun Lee , Ryang Heo , Dongha Lee

Recent Text-to-Image (T2I) generation models such as Stable Diffusion and Imagen have made significant progress in generating high-resolution images based on text descriptions. However, many generated images still suffer from issues such as…

Recent progress in text-to-image generation has greatly advanced visual fidelity and creativity, but it has also imposed higher demands on prompt complexity-particularly in encoding intricate spatial relationships. In such cases, achieving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhenyu Tang , Chaoran Feng , Yufan Deng , Jie Wu , Xiaojie Li , Rui Wang , Yunpeng Chen , Daquan Zhou

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard approach for post-training large language models and, more recently, for improving image generation models, which uses reward functions to enhance generation quality and human preference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yunqi Hong , Kuei-Chun Kao , Hengguang Zhou , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Reward learning enables the application of reinforcement learning (RL) to tasks where reward is defined by human judgment, building a model of reward by asking humans questions. Most work on reward learning has used simulated environments,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Daniel M. Ziegler , Nisan Stiennon , Jeffrey Wu , Tom B. Brown , Alec Radford , Dario Amodei , Paul Christiano , Geoffrey Irving

Aligning Text-to-Image (T2I) generation models with human preferences increasingly relies on image reward models that score or rank generated images according to prompt alignment and perceptual quality. Existing reward models are commonly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kuei-Chun Kao , Daixuan Huo , Yuanhao Ban , Cho-Jui Hsieh

We provide a new multi-task benchmark for evaluating text-to-image models. We perform a human evaluation comparing the most common open-source (Stable Diffusion) and commercial (DALL-E 2) models. Twenty computer science AI graduate students…

We introduce MotionRL, the first approach to utilize Multi-Reward Reinforcement Learning (RL) for optimizing text-to-motion generation tasks and aligning them with human preferences. Previous works focused on improving numerical performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xiaoyang Liu , Yunyao Mao , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

We introduce LLaVA-Reward, an efficient reward model designed to automatically evaluate text-to-image (T2I) generations across multiple perspectives, leveraging pretrained multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Existing MLLM-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Shijie Zhou , Ruiyi Zhang , Huaisheng Zhu , Branislav Kveton , Yufan Zhou , Jiuxiang Gu , Jian Chen , Changyou Chen

Recent text-to-image generative models can generate high-fidelity images from text inputs, but the quality of these generated images cannot be accurately evaluated by existing evaluation metrics. To address this issue, we introduce Human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Xiaoshi Wu , Yiming Hao , Keqiang Sun , Yixiong Chen , Feng Zhu , Rui Zhao , Hongsheng Li

Reward engineering has long been a challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL) research, as it often requires extensive human effort and iterative processes of trial-and-error to design effective reward functions. In this paper, we propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yufei Wang , Zhanyi Sun , Jesse Zhang , Zhou Xian , Erdem Biyik , David Held , Zackory Erickson

Reinforcement Learning from Human/AI Feedback (RLHF/RLAIF) has been extensively utilized for preference alignment of text-to-image models. Existing methods face certain limitations in terms of both data and algorithm. For training data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xingyu Lu , Yuhang Hu , YiFan Zhang , Kaiyu Jiang , Changyi Liu , Tianke Zhang , Jinpeng Wang , Chun Yuan , Bin Wen , Fan Yang , Tingting Gao , Di Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently emerged as a promising approach for aligning text-to-image generative models with human preferences. A key challenge, however, lies in designing effective and interpretable rewards. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xuelu Feng , Yunsheng Li , Ziyu Wan , Zixuan Gao , Junsong Yuan , Dongdong Chen , Chunming Qiao