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Bayesian optimization (BO) is a sample efficient approach to automatically tune the hyperparameters of machine learning models. In practice, one frequently has to solve similar hyperparameter tuning problems sequentially. For example, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Samuel Horváth , Aaron Klein , Peter Richtárik , Cédric Archambeau

The performance of deep (reinforcement) learning systems crucially depends on the choice of hyperparameters. Their tuning is notoriously expensive, typically requiring an iterative training process to run for numerous steps to convergence.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Vu Nguyen , Sebastian Schulze , Michael A Osborne

In-context learning (ICL) has proven to be a significant capability with the advancement of Large Language models (LLMs). By instructing LLMs using few-shot demonstrative examples, ICL enables them to perform a wide range of tasks without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Quanyu Long , Jianda Chen , Wenya Wang , Sinno Jialin Pan

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a particularly remarkable characteristic of Large Language Models (LLM): given a pretrained LLM and an observed dataset, LLMs can make predictions for new data points from the same distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-04 Fabian Falck , Ziyu Wang , Chris Holmes

In this reproducibility study, we revisit the LLAMBO framework of Daxberger et al. (2024), a prompting-based Bayesian optimization (BO) method that uses large language models as discriminative surrogates and acquisition optimizers via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Adam Rychert , Gasper Spagnolo , Evgenii Posashkov

Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for automated data extraction and property prediction across materials science, yet their use in superconductivity research remains limited. Here we construct a large experimental…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-12 Suman Itani , Yibo Zhang , Ranjit Itani , Jiadong Zang

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is an effective approach for global optimization of black-box functions when function evaluations are expensive. Most prior works use Gaussian processes to model the black-box function, however, the use of kernels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Dat Phan-Trong , Hung Tran-The , Sunil Gupta

Interactive Machine Learning (IML) seeks to integrate human expertise into machine learning processes. However, most existing algorithms cannot be applied to Realworld Scenarios because their state spaces and/or action spaces are limited to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Nikolaus Feith , Elmar Rueckert

Bayesian optimization (BO) has for sequential optimization of expensive black-box functions demonstrated practicality and effectiveness in many real-world settings. Meta-Bayesian optimization (meta-BO) focuses on improving the sample…

This paper considers Bayesian optimization (BO) for problems with known outer problem structure. In contrast to the classic BO setting, where the objective function itself is unknown and needs to be iteratively estimated from noisy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Katrin Baumgärtner , Moritz Diehl

Recent work on Bayesian optimization has shown its effectiveness in global optimization of difficult black-box objective functions. Many real-world optimization problems of interest also have constraints which are unknown a priori. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-03-25 Michael A. Gelbart , Jasper Snoek , Ryan P. Adams

Bayesian optimization (BO) is one of the most powerful strategies to solve computationally expensive-to-evaluate blackbox optimization problems. However, BO methods are conventionally used for optimization problems of small dimension…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Rémy Priem , Youssef Diouane , Nathalie Bartoli , Sylvain Dubreuil , Paul Saves

Bayesian optimization (BO) has become an indispensable tool for autonomous decision-making across diverse applications from autonomous vehicle control to accelerated drug and materials discovery. With the growing interest in self-driving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Gary Tom , Stanley Lo , Samantha Corapi , Alan Aspuru-Guzik , Benjamin Sanchez-Lengeling

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a well-established method to optimize black-box functions whose direct evaluations are costly. In this paper, we tackle the problem of incorporating expert knowledge into BO, with the goal of further…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Daolang Huang , Louis Filstroff , Petrus Mikkola , Runkai Zheng , Samuel Kaski

A significant barrier to the widespread adoption of Bayesian inference is the specification of prior distributions and likelihoods, which often requires specialized statistical expertise. This paper investigates the feasibility of using a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Yongchao Huang

Designing functional transition metal complexes (TMCs) faces challenges due to the vast search space of metals and ligands, requiring efficient optimization strategies. Traditional genetic algorithms (GAs) are commonly used, employing…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-10-25 Jieyu Lu , Zhangde Song , Qiyuan Zhao , Yuanqi Du , Yirui Cao , Haojun Jia , Chenru Duan

A plethora of applications entail solving black-box optimization problems with high evaluation costs, including drug discovery, material design, as well as hyperparameter tuning. Toward finding the global optimum of such black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Haotian Xiang , Jinwen Xu , Qin Lu

Finding low-energy molecular conformers is challenging due to the high dimensionality of the search space and the computational cost of accurate quantum chemical methods for determining conformer structures and energies. Here, we combine…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-06-29 Lincan Fang , Esko Makkonen , Milica Todorovic , Patrick Rinke , Xi Chen

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful approach to sample-efficient optimization of black-box objective functions. However, the application of BO to areas such as recommendation systems often requires taking the interpretability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Sulin Liu , Qing Feng , David Eriksson , Benjamin Letham , Eytan Bakshy

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been proposed as general-purpose agents for experimental design, with claims that they can perform in-context experimental design. We evaluate this hypothesis using both open- and closed-source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Rushil Gupta , Jason Hartford , Bang Liu